Disparities in PCV impact between different ethnic populations cohabiting in the same region: A systematic review of the literature |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel;2. Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel;1. Hebei Province Center for Disease Prevention and Control, No. 97 Huai’an Donglu, Shijiazhuang 050021, Hebei Province, People''s Republic of China;2. State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People''s Republic of China;3. Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, People''s Republic of China;1. Department of Medicine I, Div. of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria;2. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Div. of Clinical Microbiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria;1. Department of Paediatrics, L. Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Italy;2. Microbiology Laboratory, Policlinico, Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Foundation, Milan, Italy;3. Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Liver Research Center, Trieste, Italy;4. Prevention Department, Local Health Authority, Milan, Italy;5. Unità Organizzativa Governo della prevenzione e tutela sanitaria, Direzione Generale Sanità, Regione Lombardia, Milan, Italy;1. Wilhelmina Children''s Hospital, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands;2. Spaarne Gasthuis Academy (Former Linneaus Institute), Hoofddorp, The Netherlands;3. Regional Laboratory of Public Health, Haarlem, The Netherlands;4. National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands;1. Faculty of Medicine and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK;2. Southampton NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital Southampton Foundation NHS Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK;3. Pathogen Genomics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK;4. NIHR Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility, University Hospital Southampton Foundation NHS Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundInvasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and pneumonia are major causes of morbidity, especially in developing countries. While pneumococcal disease rates differences between various populations are well known, data are scarce regarding disparities in PCV impact on pneumococcal disease rates between populations living in the same country.ObjectiveThe aim of this systematic literature review was to describe disparities in PCV impact between different populations.MethodsA systematic literature search was performed using the PubMed database. Studies evaluating pneumococcal disease rates at any age were included. The search was limited to articles written in English and published between 2000 and 2015. Independent extraction of articles was performed by two authors (NS, SB-S). Search terms included: pneumococcus, pneumococcal disease, IPD, pneumonia, PCV, pneumococcal vaccine, population, race, ethnicity, differences, and disparity. We defined resource-poor populations as African-Americans, Aboriginal, Alaska natives and Navajo native-Americans populations compared with the respective resource-rich populations, including White, non-Aboriginal, non-Alaska natives and general US population.ResultsEighteen articles meeting the selection criteria were identified; 17 regarding IPD and one regarding pneumonia. Nine articles compared IPD rates in African-Americans and Whites in the US, six compared Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal populations; two compared Alaska natives vs. non-native Alaskans in the US and one article compared Navajo native-Americans and general population in the US. Only minor difference where usually noted in the incidence rate ratios (IRRs) comparing pre- and post-PCV rates of IPD and pneumonia between resource rich and resource poor populations. In contrast, absolute rate reductions were higher in resource-poor compared with resource-rich populations.ConclusionWhile differences in IPD and pneumonia rates between resource-poor and resource-rich populations were decreased following PCV introduction, disparity is still apparent and is not fully eliminated in any of the studies. Younger (<2 years) populations in resource-poor populations seem to benefit the most from PCV introduction. |
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| Keywords: | Pneumococcal disease Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) Pneumonia Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) Pneumococcal vaccine Race Population Race Ethnicity Differences" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0060" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Disparity IPD" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0070" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" invasive pneumococcal disease PCV" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0080" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" pneumococcal conjugate vaccines PICOS" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0090" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" participants, interventions, comparators, outcomes, and study designs PCV7" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0100" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine PCV10" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0110" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine PCV13" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0120" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine PPV23" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0130" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine IRR" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0140" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" incidence rate ratio |
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