Pertussis vaccination during pregnancy in Belgium: Follow-up of infants until 1 month after the fourth infant pertussis vaccination at 15 months of age |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Centre for the Evaluation of Vaccination, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Belgium;3. Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics (I-BIOSTAT), Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium;4. Centre for Health Economics Research and Modeling Infectious Diseases, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Belgium;1. HealthPartners Institute for Education and Research, Minneapolis, MN, United States;2. Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, & Reproductive Sciences, New Haven, CT, United States;3. Kaiser Permanente of Northern California, Oakland, CA, United States;4. Kaiser Permanente of Southern California, Pasadena, CA, United States;5. Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, OR, United States;6. Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States;7. Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado and Department of Ambulatory Care Services, Denver Health, Denver, CO, United States;8. Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA, United States;9. Kaiser Permanente Georgia, Atlanta, GA, United States;10. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States;1. Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT;2. Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City, UT;3. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT;1. Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;2. ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;3. Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, BCNatal—Barcelona Center of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain;4. Department of Microbiology, Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;5. Biostatistics and Data Management Core Facility, Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, Biostatistics Unit, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;1. Department of Pediatrics, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Golomb St. 47, Haifa 31048, Israel;2. The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Efron St. 1, Haifa 31096, Israel;3. Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Golomb St. 47, Haifa 31048, Israel;4. Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Golomb St. 47, Haifa 31048, Israel;1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia;2. Ritchie Center, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia;3. Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Vaccination of pregnant women with a pertussis containing vaccine is a recommended strategy in some industrialized countries, to protect young infants from severe disease. One of the effects of the presence of high titers of passively acquired maternal antibodies in young infants is blunting of immune responses to infant vaccination. We present infant immune responses to a fourth pertussis containing vaccine dose at 15 months of age, as a follow-up of previously presented data.In a prospective cohort study, women were either vaccinated with an acellular pertussis vaccine (Boostrix®) during pregnancy (vaccine group) or received no vaccine (control group).All infants were vaccinated with Infanrix Hexa® according to the standard Belgian vaccination schedule (8/12/16 weeks, 15 months). We report results from blood samples collected before and 1 month after the fourth vaccine dose. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against pertussis toxin (PT), filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA), pertactin (Prn), tetanus toxoid (TT) and diphtheria toxoid (DT) were measured using commercially available ELISA tests. Antibody levels were expressed in International Units per milliliter.Demographic characteristics were similar in the vaccine and control group. Before the fourth vaccine dose, significantly lower antibody titers were measured in the vaccine group compared to the control group for anti-Prn IgG (p = 0.003) and anti-DT IgG (p = 0.023), with a steep decay of antibody titers since post-primary vaccination. One month after the fourth dose, antibody titers were only significantly lower in the vaccine group for anti-PT IgG (p = 0.006). For all antigens, there was a rise in antibody titer after the fourth vaccine dose.The present results indicate still a minor blunting effect 1 month after a fourth vaccine dose for anti-PT antibodies. However, a good humoral immune response on all measured antigens was elicited in both groups of children. The clinical significance of such blunting effect is yet unknown.Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT01698346. |
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| Keywords: | Pertussis Vaccination in pregnancy Maternal antibodies Blunting |
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