Genetically defined race,but not sex,is associated with higher humoral and cellular immune responses to measles vaccination |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Internal Medicine, VieCuri Medical Centre, PO Box 1926, 5900 BX Venlo, The Netherlands;2. Department of Internal Medicine, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands;3. Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Centre Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands;4. Department of Internal Medicine, Subdivision Rheumatology, CAPHRI, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands;5. Biomedical Research Centre, Hasselt University, Agoralaan – gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium;6. MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK;7. NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK;8. NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Institute of Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK;9. Health eResearch Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK;10. Department of Pharmacoepidemiology & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Utrecht, Utrecht 3508 TB, The Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | In addition to host genetic and environmental factors, variations in immune responses to vaccination are influenced by demographic variables, such as race and sex. The influence of genetic race and sex on measles vaccine responses is not well understood, yet important for the development of much-needed improved measles vaccines with lower failure rates. We assessed associations between genetically defined race and sex with measles humoral and cellular immunity after measles vaccination in three independent and geographically distinct cohorts totaling 2872 healthy racially diverse children, older adolescents, and young adults. We found no associations between biological sex and either humoral or cellular immunity to measles vaccine, and no correlation between humoral and cellular immunity in these study subjects. Genetically defined race was, however, significantly associated with both measles vaccine-induced humoral and cellular immune responses, with subjects genetically classified as having African-American ancestry demonstrating significantly higher antibody and cell-mediated immune responses relative to subjects of Caucasian ancestry. This information may be useful in designing novel measles vaccines that are optimally effective across human genetic backgrounds. |
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| Keywords: | Measles Measles vaccine Measles virus Measles-mumps-rubella vaccine Continental population groups Sex factors Immunity cellular Immunity humoral |
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