Effect of sodium restriction on blood pressure of unstable or uncontrolled hypertensive patients in primary care |
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Authors: | Willem De Keyzer Katrien Tilleman Jan Ampe Stefaan De Henauw Inge Huybrechts |
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Institution: | 1.Department of Bio- and food sciences, University College Ghent, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.;2.Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.;3.General practice Vossensteert Sint-Jozef, B-8000 Bruges, Belgium.;4.Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. |
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Abstract: | BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESThe aims of the present study are: 1) to quantify sodium consumption of patients with unstable or uncontrolled hypertension, 2) to investigate if reduced sodium intake can lower BP in these patients, and 3), to assess the acceptability and feasibility of this approach.SUBJECTS/METHODSThis study included 25 adults (age: 50+ years) with frequently elevated BP or patients with uncontrolled, uncomplicated hypertension despite drug treatment in a general practice setting. BP and salt intake (24h urinary excretion and food records) were measured at baseline and after a sodium reduced diet.RESULTSMean (± SD) systolic (SBP) over diastolic (DBP) blood pressure (mmHg) at baseline was 150.7 (± 9.5)/84.149 (± 5.6). Mean urinary sodium excretion was 146 mmol/24h. A reduction of 28 mmol sodium excretion decreased SBP/DBP to 135.5 (± 13.0)/82.5 (± 12.8) (P < 0.001). After one month of no dietary advice, only in 48%, SBP was still ≤140 mmHg.CONCLUSIONAssessment of sodium intake using food records, 24h urine collections and probing questions to identify use of sodium containing supplements or drugs are essential for tailored advice targeted at sodium intake reduction. The results of the present study indicate that reduced sodium intake can lower BP after 4 weeks in unstable or uncontrolled hypertensive patients. |
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Keywords: | Blood pressure sodium dietary hypertension salt reduction primary care |
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