吸痰体位对颅脑损伤行气管切开患者吸痰效果的影响

目的:探讨颅脑损伤行气管切开术后患者最佳的吸痰体位,以提高患者的吸痰效果。方法:采用方便抽样的方法选取2018年3月1日~2019年2月1日接受治疗的198例颅脑损伤患者为研究对象。按患者入院先后顺序分为三组,A组67例(采用仰卧位)、B组65例(采用半侧卧位)、C组66例(采用侧卧位),比较三组吸痰后的生理指标、吸痰耐受性、吸痰评分、24 h吸痰次数及痰液阳性率。结果:三组患者在气管切开术后第5、7天吸痰耐受性比较,差异均存在统计学意义(P<0.05);三组患者在气管切开术后第1、5、7天吸痰评分和24 h吸痰次数比较,差异均存在统计学意义(P<0.05);三组患者第5、7天痰液阳性率比较,差异均存在统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:床头抬高15°~30°同时采用半侧卧位的吸痰体位可以改善患者血氧饱和度,稳定血压、心率,提高患者的吸痰耐受性与吸痰有效性。

Influence of Sputum Suction Position on Sputum Suction Effect in Patients with Craniocerebral Injury Undergoing Tracheotomy

Objective:To explore the optimal sputum suction position after tracheotomy for patients with craniocerebral injury,so as to improve the sputum suction effect.Methods:A total of 198 patients with craniocerebral injury who received treatment from March 1,2018 to February 1,2019 were selected by convenient sampling as subjects.According to the order of admission,the patients were divided into three groups:group A with 67 cases(supine position),group B with 65 cases(semi-lateral position),and group C with 66 cases(lateral position).The physiological indexes,sputum suction tolerance,sputum suction score,sputum suction frequency in 24 hours and sputum positive rate of the three groups after sputum suction were compared.Results:Sputum suction tolerance of the three groups was compared on the 5th and 7th day after tracheotomy,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Sputum suction scores on day 1,5 and 7 after tracheotomy and sputum suction times in 24 hours were compared among the three groups,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The positive sputum rate on the 5th and 7th day of the three groups was compared,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Raising the head of the bed by 15°~30°and adopting the semi-lateral position sputum suction can increase the patient′s blood oxygen saturation,stabilize the blood pressure and heart rate,and improve the patient′s sputum suction tolerance and effectiveness.