COPD患者健康心理控制源现状调查及影响因素分析

目的:调查慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者健康心理控制源现状,分析相关影响因素,为改善患者心理健康、转变感知信念倾向提供依据。方法:采用便利抽样法,运用一般情况调查表、多维度健康心理控制源量表(MHLC)、慢性病自我效能量表(SEMCD)、自我感受负担量表(SPBS)对呼吸内科门诊复诊的60例COPD患者健康心理控制源现状进行调查,并分析其相关影响因素。结果:COPD患者MHLC中内控性量表(IHLC)得分低于常模(P<0.01),有势力他人量表(PHLC)和机遇量表(CHLC)得分均高于常模(P<0.01);IHLC和PHLC得分与受教育程度和自我效能呈正相关,与自我感受负担呈负相关(P<0.05);CHLC得分与受教育程度和自我效能呈负相关,与自我感受负担呈正相关(P<0.05);多重线性回归分析结果显示,受教育程度、自我效能、自我感受负担为COPD患者健康心理控制源的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:COPD患者感知信念倾向于外部控制,不同受教育程度、自我效能和自我感受负担的患者,其健康心理控制源倾向不同,医护人员应重视感知倾向相关影响因素,针对患者的感知信念倾向差异给予分类、分层的健康指导,积极进行心理干预,帮助患者调节心理控制源,在转变控制倾向的基础上增强治疗依从性,延缓疾病进展,提高生活质量。

Investigation and Analysis of Influencing Factors of Current Status of Health Psychological Control Sources in COPD Patients

Objective:To investigate the status of psychological health control sources in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),analyze relevant influencing factors,and provide a basis for improving patients′psychological health and changing their perceptual belief tendency.Methods:Using convenient sampling method,the psychological health control sources status of 60 outpatients with COPD in respiratory clinic was investigated using general situation questionnaire,Multimentional Health Locus of Control Scales(MHLC),self-efficacy scale of chronic disease(SEMCD)and Self-perceived burden scale(SPBS),and analyzed its related factors.Results:The score of IHLC in MHLC of COPD patients was lower than that of norm(P<0.01),and that of PHLC and CHLC were higher than that of norm(P<0.01).IHLC and PHLC scores were positively correlated with education level and self-efficacy,and negatively correlated with self-perceived burden(P<0.05).CHLC score was negatively correlated with education level and self-efficacy,and positively correlated with self-perceived burden(P<0.05).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that education level,self-efficacy and self-perceived burden were the influencing factors of the control source of COPD patients′health psychology(P<0.05).Conclusion:Patients with COPD perceptual beliefs tend to be external control,the patients with different level of education,self-efficacy and self-perceived burden are different in their healthy psychological control source tendency.Medical staff should pay attention to influencing factors related to perception tendencies.According to the patient′s belief tendency difference,the patients should be given health guidance by classification and stratification,and positive psychological intervention.Medical staff should help patients to adjust psychological control source,enhance treatment compliance,slow down disease progression,and improve the quality of life on the basis of the shift control tendency.