胃癌术后患者基于跨理论模型为指导的饮食护理

目的:探讨跨理论模型(TTM)饮食护理对胃癌术后患者营养状况和生活质量的影响。方法:将江西省某肿瘤专科医院住院的84例胃癌术后患者按随机数字表法分为对照组和干预组各42例,对照组采取常规饮食护理,干预组在对照组基础上采取基于TTM的饮食护理;比较两组干预前及干预后1、3、6个月的体重、体质指数(BMI)、营养状况和胃癌患者生活质量得分情况。结果:干预1、3、6个月后,两组体重、BMI、整体营养主观评估得分、胃癌患者生活质量得分较干预前均有所改善(P<0.01);重复测量方差分析结果表明,干预后两组的整体营养主观评估得分和胃癌患者生活质量得分的时间效应、组间效应和交互效应比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);两组体重、BMI的时间效应差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:实施TTM饮食护理能增加胃癌术后患者饮食摄入量,改善其术后营养状况,提高其生活质量。

Dietary Nursing for Postoperative Gastric Cancer Patients Based on Transtheoretical Model

Objective:To explore the effect of transtheoretical model(TTM)diet nursing on the nutritional status and quality of life of patients with gastric cancer after surgery.Methods:According to the random number table method,84 cases of postoperative gastric cancer patients admitted to a specialized tumor hospital in Jiangxi province were divided into the control group and the intervention group with 42 cases each.The control group received routine dietary care,and the intervention group received TTM-based dietary care on the basis of the control group.Weight,BMI,nutritional status and quality of life scores of patients with gastric cancer were compared between the two groups before surgery and at 1,3 and 6 months after intervention.Results:After 1,3,and 6 months of intervention,body weight,BMI,overall nutritional subjective assessment scores,and quality of life scores of gastric cancer patients in both groups were improved compared with those before intervention(P<0.01).The results of repeated Anova measures showed that the differences in the overall nutritional subjective assessment score and time effect,intergroup effect and interaction effect of quality of life score between the two groups were statistically significant in patients with gastric cancer after intervention(P<0.01).The time effect of body weight and BMI between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.01).Conclusion:TTM diet nursing can increase the dietary intake of patients with gastric cancer after surgery,promote their nutritional status and improve their quality of life.