造血干细胞移植患者生活质量现状及其影响因素分析

目的:探讨造血干细胞移植(HSCT)患者生活质量现状及其影响因素。方法:采用一般资料调查表、癌症治疗功能评价系统-骨髓移植生活质量测评量表(FACT-BMT),对201例HSCT患者移植前、移植后1个月、移植后3个月、移植后6个月、移植后12个月、移植后18个月时的生活质量进行评定。结果:HSCT患者各阶段生活质量评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),移植前生活质量评分为(141.50±22.24)分,移植后1个月时评分为(131.83±24.11)分,移植后3个月时评分为(138.25±21.80)分,移植后6个月时评分为(138.44±20.55)分,移植后12个月时评分为(145.43±18.96)分,移植后18个月时评分为(158.23±14.02)分。HSCT患者移植前生活质量的影响因素为家庭平均月收入、居住地和年龄,HSCT后18个月生活质量的影响因素为年龄、主要照顾者、移植前化疗次数、体重下降严重程度等。结论:HSCT患者的生活质量评分呈现动态变化,移植后随着时间延长,患者生活质量各维度逐渐改善。年龄较大、居住在农村、家庭收入低、非配偶照顾、移植前接受化疗次数较多以及体重显著丢失的HSCT患者的生活质量更差,应针对性给予干预,努力提升该类患者的生活质量。

Analysis of Quality of Life in Patients with Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Its Influencing Factors

Objective:To investigate the quality of life of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT)patients and its influencing factors.Methods:The quality of life of 201 HSCT patients before,1 month after transplantation,3 months after transplantation,6 months after transplantation,12 months after transplantation and 18 months after transplantation was evaluated by general data questionnaire and cancer treatment function evaluation system-bone marrow transplant quality of life assessment scale(FACT-BMT).Results:There were significant differences in quality of life scores of HSCT patients at each stage(P<0.01).The quality of life score before transplantation was(141.50±22.24),1 month after transplantation was(131.83±24.11),3 months after transplantation was(138.25±21.80),6 months after trans-plantation was(138.44±20.55),12 months after transplantation was(145.43±18.96),and 18 months after transplantation was(158.23±14.02).The factors influencing the quality of life of HSCT patients before transplantation were family average monthly income,residence and age,while the factors influencing the quality of life in the 18 months after HSCT were age,primary caregivers,times of chemotherapy before transplantation,severity of weight loss,etc.Conclusion:The quality of life score of HSCT patients showed dynamic changes.With the extension of time after transplantation,the quality of life of patients gradually improved in all dimensions.The quality of life of HSCT patients who are older,live in rural areas,have low family income,non-spouse care,receive more chemotherapy before transplantation and have significant weight loss is worse,so targeted intervention should be given to improve the quality of life of these patients.