民族药小槐花质量标志物候选成分的研究

目的：开展对豆科山蚂蝗属药用植物小槐花（Desmodium caudatum（Thunb.）DC.）叶的化学成分研究，为小槐花质量标准体系的建立提供物质基础。方法：将小槐花叶经70%乙醇提取后，综合运用大孔吸附树脂柱色谱、硅胶柱色谱、制备型高效液相色谱等方法分离和纯化小槐花叶的化学成分，根据所得单体理化性质及波谱数据鉴定各化合物结构。结果：从小槐花叶中分离鉴定了13个化合物：清缸酒酚（1）、柠檬酚（2）、8-异戊烯基山柰酚（3）、二氢山柰酚（4）、neophellamuretin（5）、异柠檬酚（6）、槲皮素（7）、山柰酚（8）、牡荆素（9）、当药黄素（10）、大豆皂醇 B（11）、黄槿酮A （12）、黄槿酮 D （13），其中化合物7、8、12和13为小槐花中各药用部位均含有的成分。结论：化合物7、8、12和13可作为小槐花的候选质控成分。

Study on Candidate Constituents of Quality Markers about Ethnic Drug Desmodium caudatum

Objective: To study the chemical constituents of the leaves of Desmodium caudatum (Thunb.) DC., a medicinal plant of legume, in order to provide material basis for the establishment of quality standard system for D. caudatum. Methods: After the leaves of Desmodium caudatum (Thunb.) DC. were extracted by 70% ethanol, the chemical constituents of the leaves of D. caudatum were separated and purifi ed by macroporous adsorption resin column chromatography, silica gel column chromatography, and preparative high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and their structures of the compounds were identifi ed according to the physicochemical properties and spectral data of the monomers obtained. Results: Thirteen compounds were isolated from the leaves of D. caudatum, these compounds were identifi ed and identifi ed from the leaves of Desmodium caudatum (Thunb.) DC.: desmodol (1), citrusinol (2), 8-prenylquercetin (3), dihydrokaempferol (4), neophellamuretin (5), yukovanol (6), quercetin (7), kaempferol (8), vitexin (9), swertisin (10), soyasapogenel B (11), hibiscone A (12) and hibiscone D (13). Among them, compounds 7, 8, 12 and 13 were the constituents contained in various medicinal parts of D. caudatum. Conclusion: Compounds 7, 8, 12 and 13 can be used as candidate quality control onstituents of D. caudatum.