男女大学生体力活动及行为学特征的比较研究

目的 比较男女大学生体力活动、自我效能、阶段变化及锻炼行为之间的差异.方法 利用国际体力活动问卷(IPAQ)、自我效能量表、体育锻炼行为阶段状况调查表、自编体育锻炼行为量表,对浙江省部分高校男女大学生进行调查研究.结果 高活动组男生人数比率为40.43%,明显高于女生的26.09%,男女大学生1周体力活动消耗的能量[分别为(3462.79±976.31)MET和(3118.63±944.29)MET],两者之间差异显著(P＜0.05).男生处在行动期和持续期的人数比率为44.68%,明显高于女生的25.00%;男女大学生各个阶段呈现明显的体力活动特征(F=31.380、F=6.012,P＜0.01).男女大学生行为得分呈现明显的阶段变化特征(F=13.071、F=7.461,P＜0.01).男大学生的态度、认知控制、行为意向、自我效能4个因子进入了MET的回归方程,且β系数达到显著水平(t=2.138～3.789,P＜0.05),而女大学生只有行为态度因子进入了MET回归方程.结论 大学生在体力活动、阶段变化、行为特征及自我效能上性别差异明显.

Abstract：

Objective To compare the differences in physical activity (PA), self-efficacy, stages of change and physical exercise behaviour in college students. Methods International physical activivty questionnaire( IPAQ), scales of self-efficacy, questionnaire of stage of change in physical exercise behaviour, and scales of physical behaviour were used to make a study on college students from Zhejiang province. Results The rate of males (40.43%) was signficant higher than that of females (26.09%) MET in the high activity tertile. There was significantly more energy expenditure in males (( 3462.79 ± 976.31 ) MET) than in females (( 3118.63 ±944.29 ) MET) (P ＜ 0.05 ). The rate of males (44.68 % ) was more than females (25.00%) in maintainanee period and period of action. PA characteristics were shown significant defferences in different stages (F= 31. 380, F=6.012, P ＜ 0.01 ). Characteristics in stages of change were shown high in behaviour score (F= 13.071, F= 7. 461,P ＜0. 01 ). Four factors as attitude,cognitive controls, behavior disposition and self-efficacy in males were entered into regression model of MET( t = 2.138 ～ 3. 789, P ＜ 0.05 ), while in females only the factor of behaviour attitude was entered. Conclusion There is significant difference in PA, stages of change, behaviour characteristics, and self-efficacy between male and female college students.

Study on comparison of physical activity and behavior characteristics between male and female college students

Objective To compare the differences in physical activity (PA), self-efficacy, stages of change and physical exercise behaviour in college students. Methods International physical activivty questionnaire( IPAQ), scales of self-efficacy, questionnaire of stage of change in physical exercise behaviour, and scales of physical behaviour were used to make a study on college students from Zhejiang province. Results The rate of males (40.43%) was signficant higher than that of females (26.09%) MET in the high activity tertile. There was significantly more energy expenditure in males (( 3462.79 ± 976.31 ) MET) than in females (( 3118.63 ±944.29 ) MET) (P ＜ 0.05 ). The rate of males (44.68 % ) was more than females (25.00%) in maintainanee period and period of action. PA characteristics were shown significant defferences in different stages (F= 31. 380, F=6.012, P ＜ 0.01 ). Characteristics in stages of change were shown high in behaviour score (F= 13.071, F= 7. 461,P ＜0. 01 ). Four factors as attitude,cognitive controls, behavior disposition and self-efficacy in males were entered into regression model of MET( t = 2.138 ～ 3. 789, P ＜ 0.05 ), while in females only the factor of behaviour attitude was entered. Conclusion There is significant difference in PA, stages of change, behaviour characteristics, and self-efficacy between male and female college students.