福建省沿海地区居民碘营养状况调查

目的 了解福建省沿海地区居民碘营养现状,为有效落实科学补碘防控策略提供依据.方法 2009年,在福建省6个设区市各选择1个区,每个区选择1个街道办事处,每个街道办事处选择1个居委会；选择11个县(市、区),每个县(市、区)选择1个乡(镇),每个乡(镇)选择1个村.每个居委会(村)选择30户居民户,检测饮用水水碘、盐碘,用3日称量法测算该户居民人均食盐摄人量；选择18～45岁成人20名,检测尿碘；每个街道(乡、镇)选择孕妇和哺乳期妇女各30名,选择8～10岁儿童50名,检测尿碘.结果 沿海城市、内陆城市、内陆农村、沿海农村、沿海山区农村分别调查153、30、94、183、62个居民户,盐碘中位数范围为28.4～30.8 mg/kg,沿海城市、内陆城市、内陆农村、山区农村碘盐覆盖率和合格碘盐食用率都在90％以上,沿海农村碘盐覆盖率和合格碘盐食用率分别为86.9％( 159/183)、83.6％( 153/183).沿海城市、沿海农村、内陆城市、内陆农村、沿海山区分别调查了258、300、110、160、101名8～ 10岁儿童,尿碘中位数分别为191.0、165.6、267.7、269.0、161.0μg/L；分别调查了101、123、118、63、41名成人,尿碘中位数分别为197.6、2034、174.7、302.8、154.9μg/L；分别调查了151、181、50、101、63名孕妇,尿碘中位数分别为156.5、141.7、116.2、163.0、126.2μg/L;分别调查了154、184、40、111、70名哺乳期妇女,尿碘中位数分别为130.3、118.8、110.9、154.6、175.9 μg/L.结论 沿海地区居民碘营养水平适宜,不存在碘过量的问题,沿海地区仍需供应碘盐；应高度关注孕妇的碘营养状况,并将这部分人群监测纳入常规监测范围.

Iodine nutritional status of residents in coastal areas of Fujian province

Objective To investigate the iodine nutritional status of residents in coastal areas of Fujian province,and to provide evidence for effective implementation of preventive strategy of scientific supplying of iodine.Methods In 2009,in Fujian province,6 cities were selected,then one area in every city was selected.A District Office was selected in every area,and then 1 Residents Committee in every District Office was selected.Eleven counties were selected,1 township in each county was selected,and then 1 village in each township was selected.Thirty families were selected in each Residents Committee(village),and then iodine content in household drinking water and salt were tested.The per capita salt intake in the households was calculated using 3 days weighing method.Twenty adults aged 18 to 45 were selected to test their urinary iodine; thirty pregnant and lactating women and 50 children aged 8 to 10 in each street(township ) were selected to test their urinary iodine(UI).Results One hundred and fifty three,30,94,183 and 62 families in coastal cities,inland cities,inland rural areas,coastal rural areas,and coastal mountain areas were surveyed,respectively.The median iodine content of salt was 28.4 - 30.8 mg/kg.The coverage rate of iodized salt and the qualified iodized salt consumption rate were all above 90％ in coastal cities,inland cities,inland rural areas and coastal mountain areas.The coverage rate of iodized salt and the qualified iodized salt consumption rate were 86.9％(159/183) and 83.6％(153/183) in coastal rural areas.In coastal cities,coastal rural areas,inland rural areas,inland cities and coastal mountain areas,258,300,110,160 and 101 children aged 8 - 10 were surveyed,respectively,and the median UI were 191.0,165.6,267.7,269.0 and 161.0 μg/L,respectively.One hundred and one,123,118,63 and 41 adults were surveyed,respectively,and the median UI were 197.6,203.4,174.7,302.8 and 154.9 μg/L,respectively.One hundred and fifty one,181,50,101 and 63 pregnant were surveyed,respectively,and the median UI were 156.5,141.7,116.2,163.0 and 126.2 μg/L,respectively.One hundred and fifty four,184,40,111 and 70 lactating women were surveyed,respectively,and the median UI were 130.3,118.8,110.9,154.6 and 175.9 μg/L,respectively.Conclusions The iodine nutritional level of residents in coastal areas is suitable,and iodine excess does not exists.Coastal areas still need to supply iodized salt.We should be highly concerned about the status of iodine nutrition of pregnant women and put this part of population into routine monitoring.