双份无关供者脐血移植治疗成人血液系统恶性疾病临床研究

目的 观察双份无关供者脐血移植(CBT)治疗成人血液系统恶性疾病的植入、合并症以及患者生存情况.方法 12例成人血液系统恶性疾病患者,稳定期10例,进展期2例.预处理除除1例患者采用非清髓方案外,其余11例采用改良Bu/Cy或Cy/TBI方案,所有患者均联合应用抗人胸腺细胞球蛋白.移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)的预防采用环孢素、霉酚酸酯联合短程甲氨蝶呤方案.12例患者均接受2份脐血移植,HLA配型0～2个位点不合,输入总有核细胞(TNC)中位数为5.55(2.99～8.18)×107/kg.结果 11例(91.7%)患者血常规指标达到植活标准,中性粒细胞(ANC)植入时间为(21.6±5.1)d,血小板植入时间为(34.9±9.5)d.1例患者移植后3个月被排斥,白血病复发,10例患者获得稳定植入,稳定植入率83.3%.经HLA差异性分析、DNA位点短串联重复序列多态性(STR)检测、性染色体及血型抗体滴度测定等检查证实,9例患者最终为细胞数较多的1份脐血获得植入,1例为细胞数较少的1份脐血获得植入.3例患者在移植后早期呈2份脐血混合嵌合状态,但1份脐血占优势.细胞数相对较多的脐血与优势植活相关(P=0.011).11例植活的患者中,Ⅰ度急性GVHD(aGVHD)5例,Ⅱ度aGVHD 1例,无Ⅲ～Ⅳ度aGVHD发生,10例存活超过100天的患者中,慢性GVHD(cGVHD)2例,均为局限性.全部12例患者中位随访时间11(1.5～82)个月,8例患者无事件生存(EFS),3年EFS率为(66.7±13.6)%,10例稳定期患者7例EFS,3年EFS率为(70.0±14.5)%.结论 成人血液系统恶性疾病患者接受HLA配型部分相合的2份脐血移植在临床上是可行的,可以克服单份脐血因细胞数较少植入缓慢的缺点.细胞数是决定哪份脐血获得长期稳定植入的主要因素.

Clinical study of double units unrelated cord blood transplantation in adult patients with hematological malignancies

OBJECTIVE: To observe the engraftment, survival and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after 2 units unrelated cord blood (UCB) transplantation for treatment of adult hematological malignancies. METHODS: Among twelve patients with hematological malignancies, ten were in stable stage and 2 in advanced stage. Conditioning regimen was Bu/Cy or Cy/TBI in 11 cases, and 1 received nonmyeloablative regimen. Antithymocyte globulin (ATG) was administered in all patients. GVHD prophylaxis consisted of cyclosporine A (CsA), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and short course methotrexate (MTX). Each patient received 2 units UCB of HLA mismatched at 0 -2 loci. Median total nucleated cells (TNC) infused was 5.55 x 10(7)/kg range (2.99 -8.18) x 10(7)/kg]. RESULTS: One patient showed primary graft failure. The other 11 patients showed neutrophil engraftment at a mean time of (21.6 +/- 5.1) days and platelet engraftment at (34.9 +/- 9.5) days. One patient showed secondary graft failure and died of leukemia relapse at 3 months after transplantation. Ten patients (83.3%) gained sustained engraftment. In 9 patients the UBC unit with larger TNC dose predominated engraftment, and only 1 patient showed the unit with smaller TNC predominated (P = 0.011). Acute GVHD was observed in 6 patients, including grade I in 5 and grade II in 1. Limited chronic GVHD was observed in 2 of 10 patients survived more than 100 days. Of the total 12 patients, eight were still alive in event-free status and 3-year event-free survival(EFS) was (66.7 +/- 13.6)%. Of the 10 patients in stable stage at the time of transplantation, the probability of EFS was (70.0 +/- 14.5 )%. CONCLUSIONS: Two UBC units transplantation with HLA mismatched at 0 - 2 loci is feasible as a treatment modality for adult hematological malignancies, and the unit with larger TNC dose would predominate the engraftment.