机械加工企业职业噪声暴露与高血压关系的流行病学研究

目的探讨机械加工企业职业噪声暴露与高血压的发病关系。方法对噪声作业场所进行现场噪声测定，对噪声从业人员进行现场调查。结果机械加工企业噪声从业人员高血压患病率为12．1％。随着累积噪声暴露量（CNE）的增加高血压患病率逐渐升高（趋势X^2=29．932，P〈0．01），高血压患病率与CNE之间存在明显的剂量反应关系。非条件logistic回归分析结果显示：在校正了年龄、体重指数和高血压家族史等影响因素的干扰后，CNE每增加1dB（A），噪声从业人员其高血压发病的危险增加5％（OR=1．047）。结论噪声暴露可能是高血压发病的一个危险因素，降低作业场所的噪声强度可能是减少机械加工企业噪声从业人员高血压发病的有效措施。

Epidemiological study on the occupational noise exposure and hypertension in mechanic factory workers

Objective To study the relations of noise expose and hypertension in mechanic factory workers. Methods A cross-sectional study on 1205 workers(exposed to different noise levels) in Hunan was carried out, using questionnaire, blood pressure of the workers and the exposure level to noise at workplace. Results The prevalence of hypertension was 12.1% in mechanic factory workers. There was an increasing tendency of hypertension rate along with the increase of accumulative noise doses (tendency x2=29.932,P<0 01). Result by logistic regression analysis after adjusting age,history of hypertension in parents and body weight index showed that the risk of hypertension increased about 5% by 1 dB(A) of more noise exposure ( OR = 1 .047 ). Conclusion Noise exposure might serve as a risk factor of hypertension. Reducing the sound pressure level in workshops could work as an effective measure to control the incidence rate of hypertension in mechanic factory workers.