The gap between expectations and reality of exercise-induced weight loss is associated with discouragement |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Center for Quantitative Obesity Research, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, USA;2. ConscienHealth, Pittsburgh, PA, USA;3. Obesity Action Coalition, Tampa, FL, USA;4. Massachusetts General Hospital, MGH Weight Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;1. Division of Family Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden;2. Academic Primary Healthcare Centre, Stockholm County Council, Huddinge, Sweden;3. Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden;4. Public Healthcare Services Committee Administration, Stockholm County Council, Box 6909, SE-102 39 Stockholm, Sweden;5. Medical Management Centre, Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, Berzelius väg 3, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden;1. Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA;2. Technical Unit for Social Determinants and Risk Factors for Chronic Diseases and Mental Health, Pan-American Health Organization, Brasilia, Brazil;3. Department of Health Management and Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO, USA;4. Program in Physical Therapy & Department of Surgery (Prevention), Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA;5. Prevention Research Center in St. Louis, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA;6. Division of Public Health Sciences and Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA;1. Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Institut Català d''Oncologia, L''Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona), Spain;2. Cancer Control and Prevention Group, Institut d''Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L''Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona), Spain;3. Department of Clinical Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;4. Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy;5. TobaccoFree Research Institute Ireland, Dublin, Ireland;6. Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan.;7. Department of Epidemiology, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche “Mario Negri”, Milan, Italy;1. Tobacco Control Research Branch, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, United States;2. Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States;1. Office on Smoking and Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA;2. Center for Global Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA;3. Office of Tobacco Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, PR China;1. Center of Research in Childhood Health (RICH), Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark;2. The Center of Inflammation and Metabolism (CIM) and The Center for Physical Activity Research (CFAS) at Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, The Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense, Denmark;3. SDU Muscle Research Cluster (SMRC), Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark;4. Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundExercise interventions result in modest weight loss, yet exercise is frequently prescribed for weight loss.PurposeTo identify individuals who become discouraged when exercise fails to achieve weight loss.MethodsRepresentative samples of U.S. adults were recruited using Google Consumer Surveys in August–October 2014. Respondents were asked about beliefs and potential discouragement regarding the role of exercise and weight loss. An analysis of variance was performed to predict individuals that become discouraged if exercise does not lead to weight loss.ResultsThe belief that exercise is a very effective way to lose weight was common (71% of respondents). Stronger belief that exercise is an effective way to lose weight (p < 0.001) in individuals with higher weight status (p = 0.04) positively predicted discouragement with exercise. Higher weight status combined with the belief that exercise reduces weight was a significant positive predictor of discouragement (p = 0.01).ConclusionsIndividuals with higher weight status that believe that exercise is an effective way to lose weight are more likely to become discouraged when exercise does not lead to weight loss. Prescribing exercise for weight loss might contribute to discouragement. Future studies should evaluate ways to encourage exercise without promoting the belief that exercise will yield weight loss. |
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