Antimicrobial Photodynamic Treatment with Mother Juices and Their Single Compounds as Photosensitizers |
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Authors: | Sigrun Chrubasik-Hausmann Elmar Hellwig Michael Müller Ali Al-Ahmad |
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Institution: | 1.Institute of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany;2.Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany;3.Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; |
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Abstract: | The potent antimicrobial effects of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) with visible light plus water-filtered infrared-A irradiation and natural compounds as photosensitizers (PSs) have recently been demonstrated. The aim of this study was to obtain information on the antimicrobial effects of aPDT with mother juices against typical cariogenic oral Streptococcus pathogens in their planktonic form and determine its eradication potential on total human salivary bacteria from volunteers. Mother juices of pomegranate, bilberry, and chokeberry at different concentrations were used as PSs. The unweighted (absolute) irradiance was 200 mW cm−2, applied five minutes. Planktonic cultures of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus and total mixed bacteria from pooled saliva of volunteers were treated with aPDT. Up to more than 5 log10 of S. mutans and S. sobrinus were killed by aPDT with 0.4% and 0.8% pomegranate juice, 3% and 50% chokeberry juice, and 12.5% bilberry juice (both strains). Concentrations of at least 25% (pomegranate) and >50% (chokeberry and bilberry) eradicated the mixed bacteria in saliva samples. This pilot study has shown that pomegranate mother juice is superior to the berry juices as a multicomponent PS for killing pathogenic oral bacteria with aPDT. |
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Keywords: | Punica granatum Vaccinium myrtillus Aronia melanocarpa punicalagin cyanidin 3-glucoside and hyperoside Streptococcus mutans Streptococcus sobrinus photosensitizer antimicrobial photodynamic treatment |
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