人参皂甙Rb1对小鼠胚胎发育毒性的体外实验研究

目的　探讨人参皂甙Rb1对体外培养小鼠胚胎的发育毒性及其毒作用机制。方法　采用植入后全胚胎培养模型 ,将 8 .5日龄的ICR小鼠胚胎在含有不同浓度人参皂甙Rb1的大鼠即刻离心血清中旋转培养 4 8小时 (Rb1终浓度分别为 0、5、15、30、4 0、5 0 μg ml) ,观察人参皂甙Rb1对小鼠胚胎生长发育和组织器官形态分化的影响。结果　随着人参皂甙Rb1浓度的增加 ,反映胚胎生长发育的指标得分和总形态学得分均降低 ;浓度≥ 15 μg ml时 ,卵黄囊生长受抑制 ,血管分化不良 ;浓度较高时 ,可诱发胚胎畸形 ,包括脑部发育异常、体位未翻转、心包腔扩大等 ,严重者可见腹凸。结论　在较高浓度时 ,人参皂甙Rb1对体外培养的小鼠胚胎有一定的毒性作用 ,其中对卵黄囊胎盘结构和功能的影响可能是其发育毒作用的机制之一。

Effects of ginsenoside Rb1 on mouse embryonic development in vitro

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the developmental toxicity of ginsenoside Rb1 and the potential mechanism of it in vitro. METHODS: Whole embryo culture system was used in this research. Embryos were exposed to various concentrations of ginsenoside Rb1, and scored for growth and development at the end of the 48h culture period. RESULTS: With the concentration of Rb1 rising, the total morphological scores significantly decreased; Developments of forebrain, midbrain and optic system were relatively sensitive to Rb1 and were affected at the concentration of 30 microg/ml; hindbrain, Branchial arch and limb buds were affected at 50 microg/ml; Yolk sac was affected at the low concentration of 15 microg/ml and the indexes of embryonic growth and development decreased at the high concentration of 50 microg/ml. Moreover, the rate of embryo teratogenicity were obviously increased. CONCLUSION: Ginsenoside Rb1 displayed teratogenic action in mice. The damage on structure and function of yolk sac might be part of teratogenic mechanisms of it.