北京市中学生吸烟现状及影响因素研究

目的了解北京市中学生吸烟行为的现状以及研究相关影响因素。方法采用横断面研究的方法,于2013年9—10月随机从城区、近郊区、远郊区中抽取2个区,每区随机抽取2所高中、2所初中,共6个区24所学校进行问卷调查,对2395份有效样本,其中男生1232名,女生1163名进行单因素、多因素Logistic回归分析影响因素。结果所调查中学生吸烟率为9.5%;男性吸烟率14.7%高于女性4.0%（P〈0.05）。初一~高三学生的吸烟率分别为3.6%、6.3%、7.9%、7.5%、13.4%和21.0%。Logistic回归结果显示男性（OR=4.18）、高年级（以初一学生为基准,初二~高三OR值分别为1.80、2.32、2.17、4.17和7.13）、自感孤独（OR=1.31）是吸烟行为的危险因素（P〈0.05）;父母文化程度高（以初中及以下为基准,高中、大专、本科及以上OR值分别为0.721、0.377和0.476）为吸烟行为的保护因素（P〈0.05）。结论中学生吸烟率较高,高年级男生是干预重点,吸烟行为受学生所受到的社会支持水平影响,减少吸烟行为需要家庭、学校多方面共同参与。

Status quo and risk factors of smoking among middle school students in Beijing

Objective To study the status and risk factors of smoking among middle school students in Bei- jing. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from September to October in 2013, 24 schools were selected ran- domly from urban areas and suburban areas. 2395 effective cases which include 1232 boys and 1163 girls were come into a- nalysis. Logistic regression was employed to analyze the risk factors of screen time. Results The rate of smoking among mid- dle school students in Beijing was 9.5% ; male has a higher smoking rate 14. 7% than female 4. 0% （P 〈 0. 05 ） ; smoking rate from grade 1 in junior high school to grade 3 in high school are 3. 6% , 6. 3% , 7. 9%, 7. 5% , 13. 4%, 21.0% re- spectively; male （OR =4. 18）, higher grade （compared with grade 1 in junior high school, OR of grade 2 in junior high school to grade 3 in high school are 1.80, 2. 32, 2. 17, 4. 17, 7.13 respectively） , lonely （ OR = 1.31 ） were the risk factors of smoking （P 〈 0. 05 ） ; higher educational level of parents （ take the group of junior high school education for stand- ard, OR of the senior high school group, the college group and the undergraduate group are 0. 721, 0. 377, 0. 476 respec- tively） was the protective factors of smoking （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion Smoking is still a serious problem among middle school students. Smoking is influenced by social supports. Collaboration between families and schools are needed to reduce smoking among middle school students.