振幅整合脑电图联合头颅磁共振定量指标对中晚期早产儿近期神经发育预测价值的前瞻性研究

目的 探讨振幅整合脑电图（amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram，aEEG）、头颅磁共振成像（cranial magnetic resonance imaging，cMRI）的定量指标双顶径（biparietal width，BPW）、两半球间距（interhemispheric distance，IHD）与中晚期早产儿近期神经发育的关系。 方法 前瞻性选择2018年9月至2020年4月入住新生儿重症监护病房的104例中晚期早产儿为研究对象，在生后72 h内采用Naqeeb法及睡眠-觉醒周期（sleep-wake cycling，SWC）进行aEEG评估；在矫正胎龄37周时完成cMRI检查，并在T2冠状位测量BPW和IHD；矫正月龄6月龄时采用0~6岁儿童发育筛查测验（Developmental Screening Test for Child Under Six，DST）随访神经发育，并根据发育商（development quotient，DQ）分为DST正常组（≥85分，78例）和DST异常组（DQ<85分，26例），分析比较两组间各指标差异，以及aEEG和cMRI的关系。 结果 DST异常组aEEG正常率、SWC成熟率低于DST正常组（P<0.05）；与DST正常组相比，DST异常组的IHD偏大、BPW偏小（P<0.05）。不成熟的SWC、aEEG异常、较大的IHD是DST异常的危险因素（P<0.05），较大的BPW是DST异常的保护因素（P<0.05）。 结论 中晚期早产儿生后72 h内的aEEG、矫正胎龄37周时cMRI定量指标BPW和IHD可能影响其矫正月龄6月龄时的神经发育结局。

Value of amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram combined with quantitative indices of cranial magnetic resonance imaging in predicting short-term neurodevelopment in moderately and late preterm infants: a prospective study

Objective To study the association of amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram (aEEG) and the quantitative indices biparietal width (BPW) and interhemispheric distance (IHD) of cranial magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) with short-term neurodevelopment in moderately and late preterm infants. Methods A total of 104 moderately and late preterm infants who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit from September 2018 to April 2020 were selected as the subjects for this prospective study. The Naqeeb method and sleep-wake cycling (SWC) were used for aEEG assessment within 72 hours after birth. cMRI was performed at the corrected gestational age of 37 weeks. BPW and IHD were measured at the T2 coronal position. At the corrected age of 6 months, the Developmental Screening Test for Child Under Six (DST) was used to follow up neurodevelopment. According to developmental quotient (DQ), the infants were divided into a normal DST group (78 infants with DQ≥85) and an abnormal DST group (26 infants with DQ<85). Related indices were compared between the two groups. The association between aEEG and cMRI was evaluated. Results Compared with the normal DST group, the abnormal DST group had significantly lower aEEG normal rate and SWC maturation rate (P<0.05), as well as a significantly larger IHD and a significantly smaller BPW (P<0.05). Immature SWC, aEEG abnormality, and a relatively large IHD were the risk factors for abnormal DST (P<0.05), and a relatively large BPW was a protective factor against abnormal DST (P<0.05). Conclusions For moderately and late preterm infants, aEEG within 72 hours after birth and the quantitative indices BPW and IHD of cMRI at the corrected gestational age of 37 weeks may affect their neurodevelopmental outcome at the corrected age of 6 months.