支气管肺发育不良早产儿振幅整合脑电图的临床意义分析

目的 了解支气管肺发育不良（BPD）早产儿振幅整合脑电图（aEEG）的变化特点及临床意义。方法 回顾性纳入出生胎龄≤ 32⁺⁶周符合BPD诊断的早产儿156例为BPD组，选择同期住院的非BPD早产儿156例为对照组，应用早产儿aEEG评分系统比较两组患儿住院期间的aEEG结果，并按检查时间（纠正胎龄≤28⁺⁶周、29~30⁺⁶周、31~32⁺⁶周、33~34⁺⁶周、35~36⁺⁶周、37~38⁺⁶周）进行分层分析。结果 BPD组患儿仅在纠正胎龄33~34⁺⁶周的aEEG总评分低于非BPD组（P < 0.001），其中轻度BPD组在纠正胎龄33~34⁺⁶周的aEEG总评分低于对应胎龄的非BPD组患儿（P < 0.05），中度BPD组在纠正胎龄31~32⁺⁶周、33~34⁺⁶周和35~36⁺⁶周的aEEG总评分低于对应胎龄的非BPD组患儿（P < 0.05），重度BPD组除纠正胎龄≤28⁺⁶周及29~30⁺⁶周外，其余aEEG总评分均低于对应胎龄的非BPD组患儿（P < 0.05）。结论 BPD（尤其是中重度）早产儿aEEG评分低于非BPD早产儿，提示其神经系统发育可能落后于同胎龄非BPD早产儿，应重视早期神经系统评估与干预。

Clinical significance of amplitude-integrated electroencephalography in preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Objective To study the changes and clinical significance of amplitude-integrated electroencephalography(aEEG)in preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD).Methods A total of 156 preterm infants with a gestational age of≤32⁺⁶ weeks who were diagnosed with BPD were enrolled as the BPD group,and 156 preterm infants without BPD who were hospitalized during the same period of time were enrolled as the control group.The aEEG scoring system for preterm infants was used to compare aEEG results between the two groups during hospitalization.A stratified analysis was conducted based on the examination time(at the corrected gestational age of≤28⁺⁶ weeks,29-30⁺⁶ weeks,31-32⁺⁶ weeks,33-34⁺⁶ weeks,35-36⁺⁶ weeks,and 37-38⁺⁶ weeks).Results Compared with the non-BPD group,the BPD group had a significantly lower total aEEG score at the corrected gestational age of 33-34⁺⁶ weeks(P<0.001).The mild BPD group had a significantly lower total aEEG score than the non-BPD group at the corrected gestational age of 33-34⁺⁶ weeks(P<0.05);the moderate BPD group had a significantly lower total aEEG score than the non-BPD group at the corrected gestational ages of 31-32⁺⁶ weeks,33-34⁺⁶ weeks,and 35-36⁺⁶ weeks(P<0.05);the severe BPD group had a significantly lower total aEEG score than the non-BPD group at all corrected gestational ages except≤28⁺⁶ weeks and 29-30⁺⁶ weeks(P<0.05).Conclusions Preterm infants with BPD(especially moderate to severe BPD)have a lower aEEG score than those without BPD,suggesting that their nervous system development may lag behind that of non-BPD preterm infants with the same gestational age.Therefore,early nervous system evaluation and intervention are necessary for preterm infants with BPD.