东北地区学龄期儿童肺通气功能预计方程式建立的前瞻性研究

目的 建立东北地区6~<16岁儿童肺通气功能参数的预计方程式。 方法 前瞻性选择辽宁、吉林和黑龙江三省健康儿童504名，其中男242名，女262名，采用德国耶格MasterScreen Pneumo肺功能仪测定其肺通气功能。以用力肺活量（forced vital capacity，FVC）、第１秒用力呼气容积（forced expiratory volume in one second，FEV₁）、一秒率（FEV₁/FVC）、外推容积（back-extrapolated volume，BEV）等10项参数实测值为因变量，以年龄、身高和体重为自变量，通过多元逐步回归建立不同性别儿童的回归方程。采用相对预测误差平均值评价预计方程式的适用性。 结果 9~<10岁和15~<16岁男童的身高、FVC和FEV₁高于女童，9~<10、10~<11、11~<12和13~<14岁男童的FEV₁/FVC低于女童（P<0.05）。相关性分析显示，除FEV₁/FVC和BEV/FVC外，其他参数均与年龄、身高和体重呈显著正相关（P<0.001）。进一步回归分析显示，年龄和身高是大部分参数的影响因素，而体重较少被纳入回归方程。与不同研究的预计方程式比较，该次构建的回归方程对该研究群体有较好的适用性。 结论 该研究建立了东北地区6~<16岁儿童肺通气功能主要参数的预计方程式，为临床上准确判定肺功能异常奠定基础。 引用格式:

Establishment of a predictive equation for pulmonary ventilation function in school-aged children in northeast China: a prospective study

Objective To establish a predictive equation for commonly used pulmonary ventilation function parameters in children aged 6-<16 years in northeast China. Methods A total of 504 healthy children from Liaoning, Jilin, and Heilongjiang provinces of China were selected for the prospective study, among whom there were 242 boys and 262 girls. The JAEGER MasterScreen Pneumo spirometer was used to measure pulmonary ventilation function. With the measured values of 10 parameters, including forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC ratio, and back-extrapolated volume (BEV), as dependent variables and age, body height, and body weight as independent variables, the stepwise multivariate regression method was used to establish the regression equation for children of different sexes. The mean of relative prediction error was used to evaluate the applicability of the predictive equation. Results The boys aged 9-<10 years and 15-<16 years had significantly higher body height, FVC, and FEV1 than the girls of the same age (P<0.05), and the boys aged 9-<10, 10-<11, 11-<12, and 13-<14 years had a significantly lower FEV1/FVC ratio than the girls of the same age (P<0.05). The correlation analysis showed that all parameters, except FEV1/FVC ratio and BEV/FVC ratio, were significantly positively correlated with age, body height, and body weight (P<0.001). Further regression analysis showed that age and body height were the influencing factors for most parameters, while body weight was less frequently included in the regression equation. Compared with the predictive equations from previous studies, the regression equation established in this study had relatively good applicability in the study population. Conclusions A new predictive equation for the main pulmonary ventilation function parameters has been established in this study for children aged 6-<16 years in northeast China, which provides a basis for accurate judgment of pulmonary function abnormalities in clinical practice. Citation: