河南省新乡县农村居民脑卒中流行现况及影响因素分析

目的 了解河南省新乡县农村地区成年常住居民脑卒中流行现况及其影响因素。方法 于2017年4月—2017年6月采用整群抽样方法，随机抽取河南省新乡县朗公庙、七里营2个乡镇17个农村村落的成年常住居民(≥18岁)10 691人进行脑卒中及相关因素的问卷调查、体格检查与实验室检测。结果 本次调查共纳入资料完整对象10 455人进行分析，河南省新乡县农村地区脑卒中粗患病率为6.60%，年龄标准化患病率为5.05%；其中40岁以上人群脑卒中粗患病率为6.58%，标准化患病率为2.89%；男性、女性的性别粗患病率分别为8.39%和5.35%，标准化患病率分别为3.63%和2.39%。在脑卒中常见慢性共患病中，高血压共病率最高，为55.94%，糖尿病共病率最低，为14.64%。多因素logistic回归分析显示，年龄≥50岁(50～59岁:OR = 3.968, 95%CI: 2.654～5.933; 60～69岁:OR = 8.694, 95%CI: 5.906～12.798; ≥70岁:OR = 8.854, 95%CI: 5.855～13.390)、职业为农民(OR = 1.821, 95%CI:1.174～2.824)、高血压(OR = 2.151, 95%CI: 1.816～2.547)、血脂异常(OR = 2.434, 95%CI: 1.950～3.038)、糖尿病(OR = 1.393, 95%CI: 1.091～1.778)、冠心病(OR = 1.385, 95%CI: 1.117～1.718)可能是脑卒中患病的危险因素(P＜0.05);女性(OR = 0.542, 95%CI: 0.455～0.646)、有适度(OR = 0.668, 95%CI: 0.544～0.819)/剧烈运动(OR = 0.696, 95%CI: 0.571～0.849)可能是脑卒中患病的保护因素(P＜0.05)。结论 河南省新乡县农村地区成年常住居民脑卒中患病率较高，男性、≥50岁、农民、无适度/剧烈运动者、合并高血压、血脂异常、冠心病和糖尿病者仍是脑卒中防治的重点人群。

Prevalence and influence factors of stroke among rural residents in Xinxiang county,Henan Provinve

Objective To investigate the prevalence and influence factors of stroke among rural residents in Xinxiang county,Henan Province. Methods Using the random cluster sampling method, a total of 10 691 residents(≥18 years old) from 17 rural villages in two towns of Xinxiang county were selected between April 2017 and June 2017 to fill in questionnaires, take physical examinations, and undergo laboratory tests. Results A total of 10 455 subjects with complete data were included in this study for analysis. The crude prevalence of stroke was 6.60% and the age-standardized prevalence was 5.05%. The crude prevalence and age-standardized prevalence were 6.58% and 2.89% among people aged 40 years or older. The gender-specific crude prevalence was 8.39% in males and 5.35% in females, and the standardized prevalence was 3.63%and 2.39%, respectively. Among the chronic comorbidities of stroke, hypertension accounted for the highest(55.94%) and diabetes for the lowest(14.64%). Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that age ≥50 years(50-59 years: OR=3.968,95%CI: 2.654-5.933; 60-69 years: OR=8.694, 95%CI: 5.906-12.798; ≥70 years: OR=8.854, 95%CI: 5.855-13.390), farmer(OR=1.821, 95%CI:1.174-2.824), hypertension(OR=2.151, 95%CI: 1.816-2.547), dyslipidemia(OR=2.434, 95%CI: 1.950-3.038), diabetes(OR=1.393, 95% CI: 1.091-1.778) and coronary disease(OR=1.385, 95% CI: 1.117-1.718) might be risk factors of stroke, whereas female(OR =0.542, 95% CI: 0.455-0.646), having moderate(OR =0.668, 95% CI: 0.544-0.819)/vigorous(OR=0.696, 95%CI: 0.571-0.849) exercise were protective factors(P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of stroke appeared relatively high among rural residents in Xinxiang city, Henan Province. Males, 50 years or older, farmer, lacking moderate/vigorous exercise and having chronic co-morbidity were still the key population for stroke prevention and treatment.