116例药品不良反应报告分析

目的：探讨内蒙古自治区人民医院（以下简称“我院”）药品不良反应（ADR）发生的特点及规律，为临床合理用药及药品安全性评价提供参考。方法：对我院2013年收集到的116例有效ADR报告进行统计、分析。结果：116例ADR报告中，涉及药品40种，60岁以上患者发生ADR的比例最高（39例，占33．62％）；静脉注射给药引发的ADR最多（109例，占93．97％）；最易引起ADR的药物为抗菌药物（53例，占45．69％），其次为中药制剂（44例，占37．93％）；ADR损害类型主要以皮肤及其附件损害为主（80例，占68．97％），其次为全身性损害（以过敏性反应为主）和神经系统损害；新的ADR为18例，占15．52％，以中药注射剂为主（10例）；严重的ADR有1例，为抗菌药物引起的剥脱性皮炎。结论：应合理使用抗菌药物及中药注射剂，重视和加强对中药注射剂的质量监测，减少或避免ADR的发生。

Adverse Drug Reactions:Analysis of 116 Cases

OBJECTIVE：To explore the characteristics and regularity of the adverse drug reactions （ADRs） in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People＇ s Hospital （＂ our hospital＂） in order to provide reference for clinical rational use of drugs and evaluation of drug safety. METHODS： 116 cases of ADR reports collected in our hospital in 2013 were analyzed statistically. RESULTS： Of a total 116 ADR cases, 40 kinds of drugs were involved, with patients aged above 60 years showing the highest proportion （ 39 cases/33.62% ） ; the ADRs were more often induced via intravenous injection （109 cases, 96.55% ）, mostly induced by antibacterials （53 cases, 45.68%） followed by traditional Chinese medicines injections （44 cases/37.94% ）, manifested mainly as damage of the skin and its appendants （80 cases/68.96% ） and secondly as damage of systemic damage （mainly allergic reaction） and nervous system damage; there were 18 new ADR cases, accounting for 15.52% , which were mainly induced by traditional Chinese medicines injections（ 10 cases） ; and there was 1 serious ADR case, which manifested as exfoliative dermatitis and it was induced by antibacterials. CONCLUSIONS： Rational use of antibacterials and traditional Chinese medicines injections should be emphasized meanwhile attaching importance to the monitoring of the quality of traditional Chinese medicine injections in order to reduce or avoid the occurrence of ADRs.