居民限盐控油行为影响因素分析

目的了解影响广州市居民限盐控油行为的因素,为促进限盐控油行为的形成提供参考。方法将4 461名明确是否使用限盐勺以及4 426名明确是否使用控油壶的调查对象分为使用组和未使用组,对两组的基本特征、油盐相关知信行等进行调查及比较分析。结果限盐勺使用组食盐推荐摄入量知晓率(41.52%)、食盐摄入过量与高血压相关知晓率(59.97%)、与中风有关知晓率(17.77%)、支持全民减少摄盐量人数(91.61%)等均高于未使用组(分别是34.91%,χ2=18.88,P<0.01;55.52%,χ2=8.52,P<0.01;15.14%,χ2=5.18,P=0.02;81.57%,χ2=98.38,P<0.01),饮食口味很咸和较咸的构成比(7.50%)低于未使用组(10.22%,χ2=9.93,P<0.01)。控油壶使用组食用油推荐摄入量知晓率(39.44%)、食油摄入过量与高血压相关知晓率(55.61%)、与肿瘤相关知晓率(11.85%)、支持全民减少摄油量构成比(91.43%)均高于未使用组(分别是30.95%,χ2=33.19,P<0.01;50.87%,χ2=9.90,P<0.01;9.38%,χ2=6.97,P<0.01;84.21%,χ2=54.65,P<0.01)。结论油盐相关知识知晓程度及态度、个人的饮食习惯对限盐控油行为有一定的影响。

Analysis on factors affecting the behavior of reducing dietary salt and oil intake of residents in Guangzhou

Objective To explore the factors affecting the behavior of reducing dietary salt and oil intake among residents in Guangzhou.Methods Subjects were divided into two groups based on the fact of using or not using salt control spoon or oil control pot.They were asked to complete a questionnaire and data were analyzed and compared based on the information they provided.Results A total of 8 887 individuals were enrolled into the survey.Data analysis showed that compared to those who did not use salt control spoon,residents who did use salt control spoon were much more aware of recommended dose of daily salt intake（41.52% vs 34.91,χ2=18.88,P0.01）,the correlation between excessive intake of salt and hypertension（59.97% vs 55.52%,χ2=8.52,P0.01）as well as stroke（17.77% vs 15.14%,χ2=5.18,P=0.02）,more of them supported the restriction of dietary salt intake（91.61% vs 81.57%,χ2=98.38,P0.01）.but less had heavy taste of salt（7.5% vs 10.22%,χ2=9.93,P0.01）.Meanwhile,compared to residents who did not use oil control pot,individuals who did use oil control pot were more knowledgeable about recommended amount of daily oil intake（39.44% vs 30.95%,χ2=33.19,P0.01）,the relationship between excessive oil intake and hypertension（55.52% vs 50.87%,χ2=9.90,P0.01）as well as tumor（11.83% vs 9.38%,χ2=6.97,P0.01）,more of them supported the restriction of oil intake（91.43% vs 84.21%,χ2=54.65,P0.01）.Conclusions The awareness of salt and fat related knowledge and personal dietary habit are fators that affect the behavior of salt and oil control.