福建省龙岩市城乡居民碘营养水平与甲状腺功能现状研究

目的了解龙岩市城乡居民碘营养水平和甲状腺功能,为因地制宜、科学补碘提供参考依据。方法选择龙岩市中心城区和漳平市双洋镇园当村分别作为城市和农村调查点,B超法检测儿童甲状腺容积,砷铈催化分光光度法检测尿碘含量,直接滴定法检测盐碘含量,直接化学发光免疫分析法检测甲状腺功能指标,率、中位数的比较分别用χ2检验和Median检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 8～10岁儿童甲状腺容积中位数为2.54ml,肿大率为1.67%(4/239),城市和农村差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。居民户碘盐覆盖率为100%(403/403),合格碘盐食用率为95.29%(384/403)。儿童、成人、孕妇和哺乳期妇女尿碘中位数分别为332.3、233.9、162.3、152.6μg/L,城市和农村地区儿童、农村地区成人存在碘摄入过量,其他人群碘营养适宜。甲状腺功能异常率为18.52%(115/621),城市低FT4血症的比率高于农村(P<0.01),而农村亚甲减的比率高于城市(P<0.05)。结论加强碘营养水平和甲状腺功能监测;适时调整食盐加碘水平,以满足不同人群碘营养需要。

Survey on iodine nutrition and thyroid function among residents in Longyan of Fujian

Objective To understand the current status of iodine nutritional level and thyroid function among residents in Longyan, and to provide evidence for scientific iodine supplementation. Methods Residents from both urban and rural areas were surveyed. B ultrasound was used to determine the size of thyroid among children. Urinary iodine level and iodine concentration in salt were determined by arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometric assay and by direct titrimetric method. Thyroid function parameters were measured using direct chemiluminescence immunoassay. Χ^2 test and Median test were used for data analysis. Results The median value of Thyroid volume among children aged 8 to 10 years was 2. 54ml with the goiter rate of 1. 670/00 （4/239）. There was no significant difference between children from urban and rural areas （P〉 0.05） . The coverage rate of iodized salt was 100% （403/403houshold）, and qualified iodized salt intake rate was 95.29% （384/ 403） . The median values of urinary iodine among children, adults, pregnant and lactating women were 332.3, 233.9, 162.3 and 152.6μg/L , respectively. Children from both areas and adults from rural area showed excessive iodine intake. Abnormal thyroid function rate was 18.52% （115/621） . Majority of residents with low FT4 level came from urban area （P〈0.01） . However, most of those with subclinical hypothyroid- ism were from rural area （P〈0. 05）. Conclusions To reinforce the monitor of iodine nutritional level andthyroid function and to adjust salt iodization standard are important methods to meet iodine nutritional needs for different population.