症状性颅内动脉狭窄支架成形术后早期新发缺血性脑损害的临床研究

目的 分析症状性颅内动脉狭窄支架成形术后早期发生的缺血性脑损害情况,探讨颅内动脉狭窄支架成形术的早期疗效和安全性.方法 对29例症状性颅内动脉狭窄行WingSpan支架成形术治疗的患者,在支架成形术前、术后(72 h内)行弥散磁共振成像(DWI)检查,结合患者一般临床情况、手术情况、新发缺血性脑损害等资料,以NIHSS评分评价神经系统障碍严重程度,系统评价WingSpan支架成形术治疗颅内动脉狭窄早期的安全性和疗效.结果 支架成形术患者术前及术后即刻平均狭窄分别为(72.3±10.7)%与(29.5±13.9)%.并发症发生率为17.2%,神经系统并发症2例(6.9%).DWI检出的新发缺血性脑损害13例(44.8%),其中无症状者11例(84.6%).13例中共检出新发缺血性脑损害病灶63个,其中55个(87.3%)位于靶血管供血区域,8个(12.7%)位于非靶血管供血区域.2个(3.2%)出现在支架覆盖血管相关穿支供血区域.永久神经功能障碍的并发症率为0,无病死率.结论 DWI检查在评价颅内动脉狭窄支架成形术中的安全性具有重要参考价值.应用WingSpan支架系统治疗症状性颅内动脉狭窄围手术期安全有效.术后早期有一定比率的缺血性脑损害发生,尽管大部分是无症状的,但应引起临床医师的重视.

Early cerebral ischemic lesions ly after stenting for symptomatic intracranial artery stenosis: a clinical study

Objective To analyze the clinical manifestations of early cerebral ischemic lesions after stenting with WingSpan system for symptomatic intracranial artery stenosis, and to evaluate the early effects and safety of the stenting therapy. Methods Twenty-nine consecutive patients with symptomatic intracranial stenosis underwent diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) before and after stenting (within 72 hours). The clinical data, including patients' general condition, stenting procedures and newly-developed cerebral ischemic lesions, were recorded. Neurological defect was estimated with NIHSS, the safety and early outcome of stenting were evaluated. Results The degree of stenosis was reduced from a mean baseline of (72.3 ± 10.7)% to (31.9 ± 13.6)% immediately after stenting. The technical success rate was 100%. The total eomplicatiom nate was 17.2%. And among them, z were symptomatic (6.9%). Sixty-three ischemic lesions were demonstrated on DWI in 13 patients (44.8%). Among them, 11 (84.6%) were asymptomatic. Fifty-five newly-developed lesions on DWI (87.3%) were located in the region of stented vessels and 3.2% were situated in the region of branch vessels of stented artery. Conclusion DWI is of great value in assessing the safety of intracranial stenting procedures. The treatment of symptomatic intracranial artery stenosis by using WingSpan system is safe and effective. Newly-developed ischemic lesions can be well detected on DWI and should receive physician's attention, although most ischemic lesions are asymptomatic. Long-term outcome of this treatment needs to be further observed.