The effects of communicating cardiovascular disease risk as 'fitness age' on behavioral intentions and psychological outcomes |
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| Authors: | Emily Van Der Pol-Harney Robin Turner Kirsten McCaffery Carissa Bonner |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia;2. Centre for Biostatistics, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand;1. School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong;2. Department of Adolescent Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong;3. School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong;1. Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation, the Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark;2. Section of General Practice and the Research Unit for General Practice, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark;3. Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Norway;4. Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark;1. School of Foreign Languages and Literature, Shandong University, Jinan, China;2. School of Foreign Languages, Yantai University, Yantai, China;3. School of Translation Studies/Center for Medical Humanities in the Developing World, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao, China;4. Center for Clinical Neurolinguistics, Shandong University, Jinan, China;5. Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures, Wenjing College, Yantai Univeristy, Yantai, China;6. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Rizhao Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Rizhao, China;1. Shanghai Normal University, Department of Psychology, Shanghai, China;2. School of Psychiatry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China;3. East China Normal University, Faculty of Education, Shanghai, China;1. VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, New York, NY, USA;2. David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA;3. Northcentral University, La Jolla, CA, USA;4. New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA;5. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA;6. Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA;7. Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA;8. Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA |
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| Abstract: | ObjectivesThere is increasing interest in ‘biological age’ formats to convey the risk of chronic disease. Fitness Age is a relatively new construct that may be useful for younger people who perceive cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk as less relevant. The current study tested whether Fitness Age increases behavioral intentions and psychosocial outcomes compared to formats commonly used for middle aged adults: Heart Age and percentage risk.Methods180 young adults were randomized to 1 of 3 risk formats: Fitness Age, Heart Age, or lifetime percentage risk of CVD. To make the intervention more personally relevant, participants were assigned to receive a low or high risk result based on self-reported lifestyle factors. Validated measures were used for intentions, worry, perceived risk and credibility.ResultsPercentage risk and Heart Age resulted in greater lifestyle change intentions and more accurate numeric risk perception than Fitness Age. High risk results were perceived as less credible but more worrying.ConclusionsFitness Age may be detrimental for risk perception and behavior change for young adults. Percentage risk and Heart Age formats were equally effective.Practice ImplicationsLabels for biological age formats matter when developing risk communication tools, and Fitness Age would not be a recommended format. |
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| Keywords: | Cardiovascular disease Risk communication Prevention Heart age Fitness age |
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