不同过敏原对变应性鼻炎患者症状及生活质量影响的比较

目的探讨武汉地区常见过敏原——尘螨和艾蒿所致的变应性鼻炎(AR)患者之间的症状严重程度以及对患者生活质量影响的差异。方法选取经血清变应原特异性IgE(sIgE)检测的单一对尘螨过敏的变应性鼻炎患者46例、单一对艾蒿过敏的变应性鼻炎患者39例。用症状视觉模拟评分量表(VAS)评价患者症状的严重程度;用鼻结膜炎相关生活质量问卷(RQLQ)评价患者的生活质量。通过对调查结果的分析判断,对比2种不同过敏原所致变应性鼻炎患者VAS和RQLQ评分,并初步计算同种过敏原不同性别之间、同性别不同过敏原间患者症状及生活质量影响的差异。结果对尘螨过敏的变应性鼻炎患者在VAS得分各方面均较艾蒿组高,其中2组之间鼻部症状差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),眼部以及胸部症状差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。尘螨组及艾蒿组内男性和女性之间各项症状差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);两过敏原组之间男性和男性、女性和女性相比,除鼻部症状差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)外,其余症状差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。RQLQ评分两过敏原组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),尘螨组及艾蒿组内男女之间相比除鼻炎相关行为和情感反应项目得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)外,其余生活质量评分项目差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两过敏原组之间男性和男性,女性和女性相比各项生活质量评分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论由尘螨和艾蒿所致的变应性鼻炎患者的症状存在差异,尘螨所致的变应性鼻炎患者症状较重;这2种过敏原均影响变应性鼻炎患者的生活质量,但两者之间无明显差异。

Effect of Different Allergen on the Symptoms and the Quality of Life in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis

Objective To explore the effect of 2 common allergens, mite and mugwort, on the symptoms and the quality of life of patients with allergic rhinitis. Methods Visual analogue scale （VAS） was used to assess the symptom severity and the rhinoconjunctivitis. Quality of life questionnaire （RQLQ） was used to assess the quality of life. The results were recorded and statistics analysis was carried out to compare the differences between groups. Results VAS showed that there were significant differences between the mite group and mugwort group in nasal symptoms （ P 〈 0. 05 ） , but no significant differences in eye symptoms and chest symptoms（ P 〉 0. 05 ）. In each allergen group, there were no statistically significant differences between genders in all symptoms（P 〉 0. 05 ）. There were no statistically significant differences in the influence on quality of life between the mite group and the mugwort group （ P 〉 0. 05 ）, but there was significantly difference in the scores of emotional and rhinitis related behavior between genders in the same allergen group （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions There are significant differences between the mite group and the mugwort group in symptom severity. Mite can cause more severe symptoms than mugwort. There is no differences in quality of life in patients with allergic rhinitis between the mite group and the mugwort group.