西北地区过敏性疾病食物过敏原点刺试验结果

目的了解西北地区引起过敏性疾病的主要食物性过敏原。方法对西北地区1039例过敏性疾病患者实施40种食物性过敏原皮肤点刺试验(skin prick tests,SPT)。结果 1039例过敏性疾病患者对40种食物性过敏原SPT阳性率为53.51%,SPT强阳性者155例,食物SPT强阳性率为14.92%。不同年龄组SPT强阳性食物种类不同,0～4岁儿童主要SPT强阳性食物为鸡蛋、马铃薯、牛奶、玉米,阳性率分别为7.14%、3.17%、2.38%、2.38%;5～14岁儿童主要SPT强阳性食物为玉米、花生、河蟹、大豆,阳性率分别为4.17%、3.75%、2.92%、2.08%;成人组主要SPT强阳性食物为河蟹、花生、玉米、海蟹,阳性率分别为4.75%、4.61%、3.86%、3.57%。结论西北地区食物性过敏原与国内外其他地区相比具有一定程度相似性,同时具有较强的地区特点。

Food Allergen Skin Prick Tests in Patients with Allergic Diseases in Northwest of China

Objective To investigate the major food allergens in patients with allergic diseases in Northwest of China. Methods A panel of skin prick tests （SPT）, consisting of 40 kinds of food allergens, were conducted among 1 039 patients with allergic diseases in Northwest of China. Results The overall positive rate of the SPT panel was 53.01% among 1 039 patients with allergic diseases. Strong positive results were shown in 155 patients, accounting for as much as 14. 92% of whole patient population. The spectrum of strong positive food allergen SPT results differed in different age groups. The food allergens shown strong positive SPT results in 0-4 years old children were hen＇ s egg, potato, milk and corn, whose positive rates were 7. 14% , 3.17%, 2.38%, 2.38% respectively; in 5-14 years old children were corn, peanut, fresh water crab and soybean, whose positive rates were 4. 17%, 3.75%, 2.92%, 2. 08% respectively; in adults were the fresh water crab, peanut, corn and sea crab, whose positive rates were 4.75%, 4.61%, 3.86%, 3.57% respectively. Conclusion The characteristic feature of food allergen spectrum was shown in patients with allergic diseases in Northwest of China, as well as a certain degree similarity was also seen, comparing with the spectrum of the other domestic and foreign areas.