贝氏柯克斯体感染小鼠的病理学观察及其病原学检测

目的：用贝氏柯克斯体感染小鼠，观察引起的病理学变化并检测贝氏柯克斯体的抗原分布和DNA在靶细胞中的表达，探讨Q热病变规律并建立特异性诊断方法。方法：腹腔注射贝氏柯克斯体悬液感染BAIB／c小鼠，发病后解剖，观察各脏器的主要病变；做脾触片染色后检查；取各脏器制作石蜡切片，于光镜下观察；应用免疫组化染色显示贝氏柯克斯体的抗原分布；利用原位杂交从分子水平检测贝氏柯克斯体。结果：剖检可见肝脏、脾脏有明显病变；脾触片染色后在油镜下可查见红色短杆状物质；光镜下肝脏、脾脏有非典型肉芽肿形成，肺多呈间质性肺炎。脑神经胶质细胞增生；免疫组化和原位杂交阳性信号多位于单核-巨噬细胞系统胞浆内。结论：通过光镜观察感染贝氏柯克斯体小鼠发生的病理学变化，主要可见肝脏、脾脏有非典型肉芽肿，肺呈间质性肺炎，脑神经胶质细胞增生，其他脏器无明显变化；采用免疫组化染色和原位杂交，分别从抗原、基因水平原位检测贝氏柯克斯体。显示阳性信号多位于单核-巨噬细胞系统胞浆内，建立了特异性的Q热诊断方法。

Pathological changes and identification of pathogenesis in BALB/c mice infected with Coxiella burnetii

Objective: To study the pathological changes and pathogenesis, and detect the antigen and DNA of Coxiella burnetii in BALB/c mice infected with C.burnetii. Methods: The mice were introperitoneally injected with C.burnetii. When the mice suffered from illness, the mice were sacrificed and the gross lesions of all organs were observed. Spleen imprint was stained to exaninie the C.burnetii. The paraffin sections of main organs were observed under light microscopy. By immunohistochemical staining and in situ hybridization, the C.burnetii antigen and DNA in target cells were cxamined. Results: Liver and spleen had obvious pathological changes. The pathogens were detected in stained spleen imprint under light microscopy. Atypical granulomas appeared in the liver and spleen and interstitial pneumonia and hyperplasia neuroglia cell in cerebrum were observed. The positive signals of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were mostly located in cytoplasm of monocyte-macrophage system. Conclusion: Pathologic changes of mice infected with C.burnetii observed were mainly atypical granulomas in the liver and spleen, interstitial pneumonia, hyperplasia of neuroglia cells in cerebrum. The positive signals of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were located mostly in cytoplasm of monocyte-macrophage system and provide reliable basis for diagnosis and clarification of pathological mechanism of Q fever.