超声对乳腺癌患者腋窝淋巴结转移的诊断:62例前瞻性研究

目的超声影像表现对乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结（ALN）转移的诊断及对患者化疗后卵巢功能的评估。方法采用前瞻性研究方法，以2019年6月~2021年3月于我院诊断并进行治疗的62例乳腺癌患者作为研究对象，其中ALN转移患者28例，未转移34例，比较两组患者的皮质形态、血流状况、超声测量指标之间的差异，分析超声指标对ALN转移诊断效能，研究卵巢超声指标与卵巢功能的相关性。结果两组患者的狭窄型、向心增厚型、偏心增厚型、无淋巴门型之间的差异有统计学意义（χ2=27.871，P < 0.001）；两组患者的淋巴门型、散在型、周边型、混合型之间的差异存在统计学意义（χ2=28.802，P < 0.001）；ALN转移组患者的ALN纵径（t=17.037，P < 0.001）、皮质厚度（t=15.491，P < 0.001）以及D/W（t=7.243，P < 0.001）高于未转移组；联合检测对ALN转移的诊断特异度显著高于单独检测；化疗前两组患者的AMH、FSH之间的差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05），经过治疗后，两组患者的AMH下降，FSH上升，且未转移组患者的AMH（t=6.003，P < 0.001）、FSH（t=4.307，P < 0.001）高于ALN转移组；两组患者的RI、PI下降，且未转移组患者的RI（t=6.887，P < 0.001）、PI（t=26.430，P < 0.001）低于ALN转移组；患者的AMH、FSH与RI、PI呈现正相关。结论超声影像表现对乳腺癌ALN转移具有良好的诊断效能，同时通过对患者的卵巢局部病灶部位的超声分析，对于化疗后卵巢功能的评估具有重要意义。 

Diagnosis of AlN metastasis in breast cancer and evaluation of ovarian function after chemotherapy by ultrasound D-dimer in Ovarian Cancer

ObjectiveTo evaluate the value of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of ALN metastasis of breast cancer and ovarian function after chemotherapy.MethodsSixty-two breast cancer patients diagnosed and treated in our hospital from June 2019 to March 2021were selected. Among them, 28 patients with ALN metastasis were compared in cortical morphology, blood flow and ultrasonic measurement indexes. The diagnostic efficacy of ultrasound indicators on ALN metastasis was analyzed. The correlation between ovarian ultrasound index and ovarian function was analyzed. ResultThe stenosis type, concentric thickening type, eccentric thickening type and non hilar type between the two groups were significantly different (χ2=27.871, P < 0.001). The hilar type, scattered type, peripheral type and mixed type between the two groups were significantly different(χ2= 28.802, P < 0.001). The longitudinal diameter (t=17.037, P < 0.001), cortical thickness (t=15.491, P < 0.001) and D/W (t=7.243, P < 0.001) of ALN metastasis group were significantly higher than those of non ALN metastasis group. The diagnostic specificity of combined detection for ALN metastasis was significantly higher than that of single detection. The AMH and FSH between the two groups before chemotherapy were not significantly different(P>0.05). After treatment, AMH of the two groups decreased significantly, FSH increased significantly, and AMH (t=6.003, P < 0.001) and FSH (t=4.307, P < 0.001) of patients without ALN metastasis were significantly higher than those of patients with ALN metastasis. The RI and Pi of two groups were significantly decreased. The RI (t=6.887, P < 0.001) and PI (t=26.430, P < 0.001) of patients without ALN metastasis were significantly lower than those of patients with ALN metastasis. AMH, FSH and RI, PI were positively correlated.ConclusionUltrasound imaging has a good diagnostic effect on ALN metastasis of breast cancer. It has great significance for the evaluation of ovarian function after chemotherapy by ultrasound analysis of local ovarian lesions.