中文科技论文隐性学术不端行为的调研分析及防范对策

【目的】 调研作者群体及其单位科研主管部门对论文作者署名、单位署名和基金项目标注修改的态度,剖析其原因,并从学术期刊编辑角度提出防范这3种情况下常见的隐性学术不端行为的对策,以期减少中文科技论文隐性学术不端现象的发生频次。【方法】 结合编辑工作实践确定修改论文作者署名、单位署名和基金项目标注中的隐性学术不端行为的常见表现,以调查问卷的形式,调查论文第一作者、通信作者、其他合著者及其单位科研主管部门对修改作者署名、单位署名和基金项目标注的态度。【结果】 第一作者表现出较为强烈的修改意愿,通信作者和其他合著者对此持开放态度,大多数单位科研主管部门对单位署名修改持否定态度,大多数第一作者在修改作者署名、单位署名和基金项目标注时会征求通信作者和原单位科研主管部门的意见。【结论】 学术期刊可采取在投稿环节通过投稿须知提前告知,在投稿系统中完善论文作者、单位和基金项目信息,要求提交版权转让协议与作者贡献声明等措施,预防作者对作者和单位以及基金项目的随意修改。在作者要求修改时,可要求作者提供附全体作者签名的纸质版修改说明,必要时还可要求单位科研主管部门盖章。期刊编辑应结合作者信息、作者贡献声明、版权转让协议和修改说明,认真查证比对,以识别并防范隐性学术不端行为,从而推动学术期刊健康发展。

Current status and preventive countermeasures of hiddenacademic misconduct of Chinese scientific papers

[Purposes] This study aims to investigate the attitude of authors and their departments of scientific research to author signature, institution signature, and funding project marked on scientific papers and analyze the relative reasons. Then, this study proposes preventive countermeasures of hidden academic misconducts under these three kinds of situations from the perspective of academic journal editors. [Methods] Combined with the practice of editing, we determined the common performance of hidden academic misconducts when altering authors, institutions, and funding projects, and investigated the attitude of the first author, the corresponding author, other co-authors, and departments of scientific research to alter authors, institutions, and funding projects by the questionnaire survey. [Findings] The first author has a strong willingness to alter the above information. The corresponding author and other co-authors take an open attitude, and most departments of scientific research hold a negating attitude to alter institutions. Most first authors take counsel with the corresponding author and the original departments of scientific research when they alter authors, institutions, and funding projects. [Conclusions] To prevent authors to casually alter the authors, institutions, and funding projects, academic journals can inform the contributor to complete information on authors, institutions, and funding projects in advance through the submission instructions in the submission process, and require copyright transfer agreement and author contribution statement. Detailed explanation of paper revision with the signatures of all authors is needed if author requires for alteration, and sometimes the permission from their departments of scientific research is also required. Academic journal editors should identify and avoid hidden academic misconducts by careful investigation combining author information, author contribution statement, copyright transfer agreement, and revision explanation, thereby promoting the healthy development of academic journals.