基于秩和比法的四川省2019年护理人力资源配置现状分析

目的 分析四川省21市（州）护理人力资源配置情况,为相关部门或机构制定卫生政策和完善护理人力资源配置提供参考依据。方法 查询《2020年四川统计年鉴》和《2019年四川省卫生健康事业发展统计公报》,提取年末常住人口总数、注册护士数、执业（助理）医师数、卫生技术人员总数和床位数数据,采用秩和比法综合评价四川省21市（州）护理人力资源配置现状,并根据统计结果进行优劣分档。结果 2019年四川省医护比最高的市（州）是凉山彝族自治州,为1∶1.44,最低的市（州）是阿坝藏族羌族自治州,为1∶0.95;床护比、护士占卫生技术人员比例、每千人口注册护士数最高的市（州）均为成都市,分别为1∶0.59、1∶0.48、1∶5.30;护士占卫生技术人员比例及每千人口注册护士数最低的市（州）是甘孜藏族自治州,分别为0.31、1.77;床护比最低的市（州）是资阳市,为1∶0.31;2019年四川省护理人力资源配置最高的市（州）是成都市,秩和比值为0.96,配置最低的市（州）是巴中市,秩和比值为0.11;2019年四川省护理人力资源配置可分为4档,1档（低）3个（巴中市、南充市和甘孜藏族自治州）;2档（偏低）7个（遂宁市、资阳市、阿坝藏族羌族自治州、达州市、广安市、广元市、德阳市）;3档（中）7个（绵阳市、内江市、雅安市、眉山市、自贡市、凉山彝族自治州、宜宾市）;4档（高）4个（乐山市、攀枝花市、泸州市和成都市）。结论 四川省21市（州）护理人力资源配置不均衡,以中低档为主,占比81%,应加大对护理人力资源的宏观调控,科学配置各市（州）护理人力资源,有效保障人民群众健康需求。

Rank-sum Ratio-based Analysis on Nursing Human Resource Allocation in Sichuan Province in 2019

Objective To analyze the nursing human resource allocation in 21 cities in Sichuan province and to provide reference for making health policies and improving nursing human resource allocation. Methods We obtained the data of total number of permanent resident at the end of the year, the number of registered nurse, licensed doctor and assistant doctor, the total number of health professionals and the number of bed from the Statistical Yearbook of Sichuan 2020 and Statistical Bulletin of Health Care Development in Sichuan 2019. With rank-sum ratio method, we assessed the current status of nursing human resource allocation in 21 cities in Sichuan province and the cities were classified into different levels. Results There were the highest ratio of doctor and nurse (1:1.44) in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture and the lowest (1:0.95) in Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture. There were the highest ratio of nurse and bed (1:0.59), the ratio of nurse in medical professionals (1:0.48), the number of registered nurse per 10,000 population(1:5.30) in Chengdu. The lowest ratio of nurse in medical professionals (0.31) and the number of registered nurse per 10, 000 population (1.77) were found in Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and the lowest ratio of nurse and bed (1:0.31) in Ziyang City. The highest (0.96) and lowest (0.11) rank-sum ratio of nursing human resource allocation were found in Chengdu and Bazhong respectively. There were four levels of cities with nursing human resource allocation in Sichuan in 2019: Bazhong, Nanchong and Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture were in the first level of city (lowest level); Suining, Ziyang, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Dazhou, Guang'an, Guangyuan and Deyang in the second level (lower level); Miyang, Neijiang, Ya'an, Meishan, Zigong, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture and Yibin in the third level (median level) and Leshan, Panzhihua, Luzhou and Chengdu in the fourth level (highest level). Conclusion Imbalance nursing human resource allocation in 21 cities in Sichuan Province is found and cities with median or lower level rank-sum ratio of nursing human resource allocation accounted for 81%. Macro-control of nursing human resource allocation is needed to ensure the health needs of people in Sichuan.