基于三维步态分析仪对社区老人平衡能力与步态时空参数的相关性分析

目的通过三维步态分析仪系统采集社区老人步态时空参数,探讨其中影响老人平衡能力的相关指标。方法根据纳入及排除标准,选择在广州市区内居住的社区老人94例,有跌倒史39例,无跌倒史55例,进行Berg（Berg balance scale,BBS）量表评分,通过三维步态分析仪系统采集社区老人步态时空参数,采用t检验、Person相关性分析及逐步多元回归分析研究步态时空参数中影响平衡能力的相关指标。结果有跌倒史老人与无跌倒史老人Berg评分、步态周期、步速、步幅、步频、左步长、右步长、左支撑相、左摆动相、右支撑相、右摆动相、双支撑相均差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。相关性分析提示：步态周期、左支撑相、右支撑相、双支撑相与Berg量表评分负相关（P<0.05）,步速、步幅、步频、左步长、右步长、左摆动相、右摆动相与Berg量表评分呈正相关（P<0.05）。逐步多元回归分析提示步速、双支撑相是影响老人平衡能力的主要因素（P<0.05）,步态周期、步幅、步频、左步长、右步长、左支撑相、左摆动相、右支撑相、右摆动相不是老人平衡能力的影响因素（P＞0.05）。结论步态时空参数中步速、双支撑相是影响老人平衡能力的主要因素。

The study on the correlation between balance ability and gait spatial-temporal parameters of the elderly in community based on three-dimensional gait analyzer

Objective To investigate the related indicators of influencing balance ability in gait spatial-temporal parameters of elderly people in community by the three-dimensional gait analyzer system. Methods According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 94 elderly people in communities (39 with a falling history) of Guangzhou were selected in this study. Gait spatiotemporal parameters and Berg balance scale (BBS) were collected. The influencing factors for balance ability in gait spatial and temporal parameters were analyzed by t-test, Person correlation analysis and stepwise multiple regression analysis. Results There were significant differences in Berg score, gait cycle, walking velocity, stride length, stride frequency, left stride length, right stride length, left support phase, left swing phase, right support phase, right swing phase and double limb support phase between the elderlies with and without fall history (P<0.05). Gait cycle, left support phase, right support phase and double support phase were significantly negatively correlated with Berg scale score (P<0.05); while gait speed, stride length, stride frequency, left step length, right step length, left swing phase and right swing phase were significantly positively correlated with Berg scale score (P<0.05). Stepwise multivariate regression analysis showed that walking velocity and double limb support phase were the main factors affecting the balance ability of the elderlies (P<0.05). Gait cycle, stride length, stride frequency, left stride length, right stride length, left support phase, left swing phase, right support phase and right swing phase were not the independent factors affecting the balance ability of the elderlies (P>0.05). Conclusion Walking velocity and double limb support phase are the main factors affecting the balance ability of the elderlies.