以家庭为中心的健康教育对青少年特发性脊柱侧凸患者父母疾病管理能力的影响

目的探讨以家庭为中心的健康教育在青少年特发性脊柱侧凸患者父母中应用的效果。方法采取便利抽样法选取2015年9月—2018年12月在北京市某三级甲等医院骨科病房确诊为青少年特发性脊柱侧凸患者的父母为研究对象,按入院时间的先后顺序分为对照组71例、观察组67例。对照组给予患者父母常规健康宣教,观察组在对照组基础上,给予以家庭为中心的健康教育。采用中文版状态-特质焦虑量表和家庭管理测量量表分别评估两组患者父母的焦虑状况和疾病管理能力。结果两组患者父母焦虑水平得分的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。出院后3、6个月观察组父母疾病管理能力得分为(45.89±4.18)、(41.84±3.02)分,高于对照组的(42.43±5.28)、(40.25±4.20)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组父母的疾病管理困难得分为(28.20±4.71)、(32.98±6.16)分,低于对照组的(33.75±6.42)、(36.97±5.60)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论以家庭为中心的健康教育可提高青少年特发性脊柱侧凸患者父母出院后的疾病管理能力,值得临床借鉴使用。

Effects of family-centered health education on parental disease management abilities in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Objective To explore the application effect of family-centered health education on parents of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.Methods From September 2015 to December 2018,parents of patients who were diagnosed with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in the Department of Orthopedics of a ClassⅢGrade A hospital in Beijing were selected as the research objects by convenience sampling method.According to the order of admission time,they were divided into the control group with 71 cases and the observation group with 67 cases.Parents in the control group were given routine health education while parents in the observation group were given family-centered health education on basis of the control group.The Chinese version of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Family Management Measure Scale were used to assess anxiety status and disease management abilities of parents,respectively.Results There was no statistically significant difference in anxiety level of parents between the two groups(P>0.05).At 3 and 6 months after discharge,the scores of parental disease management ability in the observation group were(45.89±4.18)and(41.84±3.02),which were higher than(42.43±5.28)and(40.25±4.20)in the control group.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The scores of parental disease management difficulties in the observation group were(28.20±4.71)and(32.98±6.16),which were lower than(33.75±6.42)and(36.97±5.60)of the control group.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions Family-centered health education can improve parental disease management abilities of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis after discharge,which is worthy of clinical reference and application.