头孢类抗生素与乙醇致双硫伦样反应45例

目的探讨头孢类抗生素与乙醇致双硫伦样反应的表现特征与预防措施。方法对45例患者经急诊抢救均在30-150分钟内缓解，并于发生双硫伦样反应的45例病例资料进行回顾性分析、比较。结果45例患者经积极抢救与治疗。均在1天内达到临床治愈。结论双硫伦是一种治疗慢性乙醇中毒、乙醇中毒性精神病的药品。双硫伦本身对机体不产生作用，头孢类抗生素侧链结构中含有甲硫四氮，与双硫伦结构相似，服用该药或头孢类抗生素后饮酒，可抑制乙醛代谢，进而产生与双硫伦相似反应。医师在用头孢类抗菌素治疗过程中一定要特别医嘱，避免饮酒和乙醇制剂。

Report of 45 disurfiram—reaction induced by cephalosporin and ethanol

Objective To arouse clinical attention by discussing cephalosporin antibiotic and ethanol induced disurfiram—reaction. Methods 45 cases with disurfiram—reaction were analyzed. Results The disurfiram—reaction was related to taking medicine and drinking liquor. The clinical exhibition of disurfiram—reaction included dizziness, frowsty bosom, facial rubefaction, nausea and vomiting. The serious patients were breath hard, sense of impending doom and low blood pressure. The patients were cured one day after the clinical therapy. Conclusion Disulfiram is a kind of drug which can treat chronic alcoholism and alcoholic psychosis. The drug restains acetaldehyde deoxidizing enzyme, so it don‘t effect organism itself. Slight disurfiram—reaction also can generate after taking drug and drinking liquor less. We should avoid the touch of ethanol around the clinical therapy on the use of cephaloporins.