长托宁术前用药用于小儿氯胺酮静脉全麻对血压及心率的影响

目的探讨长托宁术前用药在小儿氯胺酮静脉全麻对血压及心率的影响。方法选择60例3⁷岁的择期手术患儿,均采用氯胺酮静脉全麻,根据术前用药将患儿分为两组,每组30例,其中观察组术前应用长托宁,对照组术前应用阿托品。进入手术室后静注长托宁0.01 mg/kg或阿托品0.01 mg/kg。记录给药前后5 min、10 min及输注氯胺酮5 min后患儿的心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)。结果给术前药后,观察组HR、MAP基本稳定,给药前后无显著差异;对照组的HR、MAP均比给药前增快增高,给药前后差异显著;氯胺酮麻醉后,观察组HR、MAP虽然有所上升,但麻醉前后的无显著差异,对照组HR、MAP则显著增快增高,麻醉前后差异显著。结论长托宁能维持心血管功能稳定,作为小儿氯胺酮静脉全麻的麻醉前用药,能维持患儿术中血压及心率的稳定。

Effect of Preoperative Application of Penehyclidine Hydrochloride on BP and HR in Children Undertaking Intravenous Ke-tamine Anesthesia

Objective To investigate the effect of preoperative application of penehyclidine hydrochloride on BP and HR in children undertaking intravenous ketamine anesthesia. Methods 60 cases of children ranging from 3 to 7 years old in selective surgery were selected and all received the ketamine intravenous anesthesia, they were divided into observation group （30 cases） and control group （30 cases） according to the premedication. The observation group was given preoperative penehyclidine hydrochloride, the control group was given preoperative atropine. After enter the operating room, the patients received penehyclidine hydrochloride （0.01 mg/kg） and atropine （0.01 mg/kg） respectively by intravenous injection. The HR and MAP of patients were recorded before and after 5 min, 10 min of the dose and after 5 min of the ketamine injection. Results After giving preoperative medicine, the HR, MAP of the observation group was basic stable;after giving preoperative medicine, the HR and MAP of the control group was significantly higher than before; after ketamine anesthesia, though the HR and MAP of the observation group increased, it had no significant difference compared with before; after ketamine anesthesia, the HR and MAP of the control group was significantly increased. Conclusions Penehyclidine hydrochloride can maintain cardiovascular functions stability, and as an premedication in children with ketamine intravenous anesthesia, it can maintain the stability of intraoperative blood pressure and heart rate of children.