肱骨远端解剖型锁定接骨板的初步应用

目的 评价新型肱骨远端解剖型锁定接骨板(DHP)的治疗方法及疗效.方法 2008年7月至2009年4月使用DHP治疗且获得随访的肱骨远端骨折22例,男10例,女12例;年龄14～65岁,平均40.2岁;左侧13例,右侧9例.骨折按照AO分型:A型1例;B型6例;C1型2例,C2型1例,C3型12例.均采用切开复位DHP固定;术后无需外固定,第2天开始功能锻炼.所有患者按照Mayo肘关节功能评分(MEPS)及X线片评估疗效.结果 22例患者获得11～20个月(平均15个月)随访.骨折均获愈合,平均愈合时间16周,无内固定失效或骨折再移位.2例患者因肘关节僵硬接受肘关节松解手术,1例患者螺钉进入关节,但对肘关节功能无影响,2例患者内固定突起于皮下致轻微疼痛.22例患者中2例有轻微疼痛,前臂旋转功能同健侧一致,肘关节平均屈伸79°(10～130°),屈曲108°(60°～130°),伸直25°(0～80°).MEPS评分平均91分(60～100分),其中优15例,良5例,中2例,优良率91.0%.结论 DHP对于较高位的肱骨髁上部分粉碎骨折、低位的关节面粉碎骨折,以及合并骨质疏松的肱骨远端骨折均能够达到满意的稳定固定,允许早期功能锻炼.

Treatment of distal humerus fracture with AO distal humeral plating

Objective To investigate surgical techniques and effects of AO distal humeral plate used as a treatment alternative for distal humerus fractures. Methods From April 2008 to July 2009, 22 cases of distal humerus fracture were treated with open reduction and internal fixation with AO distal humeral plate (DHP). They were 10 males and 12 females. Their ages ranged from 14 to 65 years (average, 40 years). According to AO classification, one case was Type A, 6 were Type B and 15 were Type C. Their elbows were not immobilized postoperatively. The mean follow-up was 15 months. Functional results were evaluated according to the Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS). Results Fractures healed in all cases. There was no hardware failure or loss of reduction. No patient complained of pain. They had an average elbow flexion of 108° (range, 60° to 130°) and an average full extension to 25° (range 0 to 80°) . The average ulnohumeral motion was 79° (range, 10° to 130°). The average MEPS was 91 points (range, 60 to 100 points). Fifteen cases scored excellent, 5 good and 2 fair. Conclusions DHP has advantages of an anatomically preshaped locking plate which may enhance anchorage in fractures difficult to manage, such as metaphyseal comminuted supra-intercondylar fractures, lower fractures with relatively small distal fragments and osteoporotic fractures, and allow early postoperative rehabilitation. However, in order to achieve an optimal result,precise location and pre-bending of the plate should be ensured.