粉尘螨滴剂治疗过敏性鼻炎的有效性及安全性

目的:探讨粉尘螨滴剂治疗过敏性鼻炎患儿的有效性和安全性。方法:采用对照研究方法,将3～14岁的55例符合过敏性鼻炎标准并且粉尘螨变应原皮肤点刺试验阳性的患儿共55例,分为舌下含服免疫治疗(sublingual immunotherapy,SLIT)+药物组34例及单纯药物组21例。SLIT+药物组以标准化粉尘螨滴剂舌下含服免疫治疗,辅以对症药物治疗;单纯用药组以糠酸莫米松鼻喷剂及氯雷他定片对症治疗。2个月回访1次,共随访半年。结果:与单纯用药组相比,半年后SLIT+药物组症状评分(P<0.05)、药物评分(P<0.05)均明显降低,有效率达97.06%;34例SLIT+药物组患儿中3例发生不良反应(不良反应发生率8.8%),没有出现全身性不良反应。结论:舌下含服标准化粉尘螨滴剂特异性免疫治疗可以有效地改善尘螨引起的过敏性鼻炎症状,减少对症药物的使用。SLIT是一种安全有效的治疗儿童过敏性鼻炎的方法。

Safety and Efficacy of Dermatophagoides Farinae Drops for Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis

Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy(SLIT)with Dermatophagoides Farinae Drops in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Method :A randomized, placebo-controlled design was followed. A total of 55 children aged 3-14 years suffering from allergic rhinitis due to dermatophagoides farinae(according to the symptom of allergic rhinitis and conformed by Skin prick tests) were subdivided into two matched groups:SLIT+Drug-group and Drug-group. SLIT+Drug-group:34 underwent sublingual standardized Dermatophagoides Farinae Drops plus drugs. Drug-group: 21 received only drug therapy such as mometasone furoate aqueous nasal spray, loratadine tablets.The patients underwent a timing control visit of once every 2 months and lasted 6 months. Result : SLIT+Drug-group showed a significant reduction of symptom scores(P<0.05) and medication scores(P<0.05) when compared with Drug-group,and the total effective rate of SLIT+Drug-group was 97.06%. Adverse reactions were observed in 3 children in SLIT+Drug-group(8.8% of patients). No severe systemic reactions were reported. Conclusion : SLIT with standardized Dermatophagoides Farinae Drops provided benefits in mite-allergic children in terms of significantly reduced symptoms and medication use. SLIT was safe and effective in children aged3-14years with allergic rhinitis.