产前超声诊断胎儿半椎体畸形

目的 探讨胎儿半椎体畸形产前超声检查的声像图特征。方法 回顾性分析29胎于经引产或产后影像学检查证实的半椎体畸形胎儿的产前超声资料。结果 胎儿脊柱矢状位示脊柱失去正常生理弯曲，病变椎体排列不整齐，较正常椎体小；冠状位示病变椎体呈三角形或楔形，脊柱侧弯或成角畸形；轴位示病变椎体变小，形态不规则。半椎体14胎（14/29，48.28%）发生于胸椎、13胎（13/29，44.83%）发生于腰椎、2胎（2/29，6.90%）发生于骶尾椎。12胎（12/29，41.38%）合并共15种其他系统畸形，先天性心脏病最为常见。结论 胎儿半椎体畸形超声具有一定特征，先天性心脏病为常见合并畸形。

Two cases report

Objective To explore the ultrasonographic characteristics of fetal hemivertebrae. Methods Prenatal ultrasound data of 29 fetuses with hemivertebrae confirmed by imaging examination after odinopoeia or birth were retrospectively analyzed. Results The ultrasonography characteristics of fetal hemivertebrae were found as followed: In sagittal section, the spine lose the normal curve, the affected vertebra was not in alignment and was smaller than the normal vertebra. In coronal section, the affected vertebra was triangle or wedge and the spine was shown as scoliosis or angulation deformity. In cross section, the affected vertebra was smaller than the normal one with irregular shape. The hemivertebrae occurred in the thoracic vertebra in 14 fetuses (14/29, 48.28%), in the lumbar vertebra in 13 fetuses (13/29, 44.83%) and in the sacral coccygeal vertebra in 2 fetuses (2/29, 6.90%). There were 12 fetuses (12/29, 41.38%) being complicated with 15 kinds of congenital malformations, among them congenital heart disease was common. Conclusion There is certain characteristics of fetal hemivertebrae in prenatal ultrasound and congenital heart disease is a common complicated deformity.