我院2013—2015年肾移植患者术后感染的流行病学研究

目的 了解肾移植患者术后院内感染发病情况、流行病学分布、病原菌种类和预后情况,为制定防控措施提供依据.方法 监测我院2013年1月—2015年12月行肾移植手术共576例,观察术后发生院内感染的情况.结果 2013—2015年肾移植术后院内感染50例(8.68%),感染部位主要为肺部、泌尿系和血液感染,病原体有革兰阴性杆菌、革兰阳性球菌、真菌和巨细胞病毒.感染患者给予相应的抗菌、抗病毒治疗,大部分患者治愈,2例死亡.结论 肾移植术后感染以肺部感染为主,预防肾移植术后肺部感染,尤其是控制真菌性肺炎的发生,是降低肾移植术后感染发生率的关键.

An Epidemiology Study on Nosocomial Infection after Renal Transplantation (2013-2015)

Objective To investigate the pathogenic condition, epidemiology distribution, pathogenic bacteria types and prognosis of nosocomial infections after kidney transplantation in order to provide basis for establishment for pre-vention and control measures. Methods A prospective surveillance study was performed for 576 patients undergoing re-nal transplantation during January 2013 and December 2015, and the situation nosocomial infections after the operation was observed. Results A total of 50 patients (8. 68%) underwent nosocomial infections among the 576 patients after renal transplantation. The mainly infected areas were pulmonary, urinary tract and blood infections, and the causative mi-cro-organisms mainly were gram-negative bacillus, gram-positive cocci, fungi and cytomegalovirus ( CMV) . The infected patients were treated with antibiosis and antiviral therapy. Most of the patients were cured, but two patients died. Con-clusion The pulmonary infection is the most common infection after the kidney transplantation. Prevention of pulmonary infection after the kidney transplantation, especially fungal pneumonia is the key to reduce the infection rate.