贵州、甘肃两地部分药物滥用监测数据分析

贵州、甘肃两地药物滥用监测站采用统一监测表格“药物滥用监测登记表”,于1992年下半年分别对当地戒毒所收治的部分药物滥用者调查登记。本文对上报的998例监测数据进行整理分析,统计结果显示:男性,初中以下文化程度,30 a以下的无业、工人是主要滥用人群;滥用药物1a以内者占多数;烫吸和烟枪吸食是主要滥用方式;滥用的主要药物是阿片和海洛因,各为56.2％和42.9％;30 a以下滥用者滥用的主要成瘾性药物是海洛因和阿片,60 a以上滥用者中滥用的主要成瘾性药物是阿片;药物多来自非法渠道“黑市”。两地滥用多种药物现象严重,各为91.4％和97.4％,滥用的非阿片类药物分别是解热止痛片和烟草、酒、镇静催眠药类。多药滥用给治疗、预防和管制都带来极大的困难。目前,加强缉毒、杜绝毒源,强制戒毒,开展药物滥用预防的社会教育和科学研究仍是禁毒、戒毒、铲除药物滥用斗争中三重并举的工作。 监测数据分析表明,建立药物滥用监测网,采用统一的监测表格和分析标准,可以分析比较各地的药物滥用特征和滥用药物的变化趋势。

ANALYSIS OF A SURVEILLANCE DATA OF DRUG ABUSE IN GUIZHOU AND GANSU PROVINCES

The surveillance data on 998 drug abusers from Guizhou and Gansu Drug Abuse Surveillance Network (DASN) was analysed. The results showed that males, less than 30 years old, under middle school education, no-job and workers were the main drug abuse population. Most of them had a drug abuse history of no more than one year. Snorting and smoking were the main model of abusing. The drugs popularly abused were opium and heroin(56.2% and 42. 9%, respectively, abusers under 30 years old used heroin and opium, over 60 years old, opium). Abused drugs were from illicit traffickers. The results also showed that polydrug abuse (in Guizhou usually with non-opioids, analgesic drugs, and in Gansu with tobacco, alcohol, sedative - hypnotics) appeared to be a serious problem(91.4% in Guizhou and 97.4% in Gansu), which made it very difficult for therapy, prevention and drug control to be carried out.The analysis indicated that it is possible to compare the characteristics of drug abusers, the trends of drug abuse by using the same surveillance questionnaire, standard analysis through Drug Abuse Surveillance Network.