大学新生人格特征及心理状况调查研究

为探讨大学新生人格特征及心理状况，采用ＭＭＰＩ和ＳＣＬ９０对某大学９４级、９５级１２８６名入校新生进行了调查，ＭＭＰＩ结果显示：个性问题检出率为２７２０％（３５０／１２８６）。①男女生各量表均分与全国常模相比男生Ｐａ、Ｍａ量表高于全国常模（Ｐ＜００１），女生Ｍｆ，Ｐａ，Ｍａ量表高于全国常模（Ｐ＜００５）。②不同性别相比男生Ｈｓ，Ｐ，Ｐａ，Ｐｔ，Ｓｉ量表分明显高于女生（Ｐ＜００１）。③不同年级比较，９４级Ｄ，Ｍｆｆ量表分低于９５级，Ｐａ，Ｍａ量表分高于９５级（Ｐ＜００１）。在经ＭＭＰＩ测试结果有一项超出全国常模的５３５人中又进行了ＳＣＬ９０测试，结果显示：心理问题检出率２５％（１３５／５３５），占总数１０５０％（１３５／１２８６）。心理问题表现在强迫、焦虑、偏执、精神病性症状，与全国青年常模相比有显著差异（Ｐ＜００１）。提示：对大学生开展心理调查、心理咨询和心理健康教育从新生入手至关重要

Investigation of the personality trait and psychological condition of university freshmen

To explore the personality trait and psychological condition of freshmen, we investigated 1*!286 freshmen who entered in a certain university by using MMPI and SCL 90 in 1994 and 1995. Results showed that the rate of abnormal MMPI was 27.22%(350/1*!286). The average score of these students was higher than that of the normal. The Pa and Ma scores of boy students were significantly higher ( P < 0.01 ) than those of normal. The Mf, Pa, and Ma scores of girl students were higher ( P <0.05) than those of normal. The Hs,D,Pa,Pt,and Si scores of boy students were significantly higher ( P <0.01) than those of girl students. The D and Mf scores of the freshmen in 1994 were significantly lower, and the Pa,and Ma scores were significantly higher than those of freshmen in 1995 ( P <0.01). The 535 students in whom one of the was fourteen scores in MMPI was above the normal were surveyed by SCL 90 test and the abnormal rate was 25%(135/535). 10.50%(135/1*!286)of the whole investigated freshmen appeared in which is signififcantly different from that of the national normal the psychological disorders including obsession, anxiety, paranoid state, psychopathy. These findings suggest that the psychological health consult and instruction for college students should start among the freshmen.