2015年中国15个省（自治区、直辖市）65岁及以上居民膳食维生素B1、维生素B2和烟酸摄入状况

目的了解中国15个省(自治区、直辖市)65岁及以上居民膳食维生素B1、维生素B2和烟酸的摄入情况和危险因素。方法利用2015年中国居民营养状况变迁的队列研究资料,选择有完整连续3天24小时膳食调查数据的3222名65岁及以上的居民为研究对象,分析膳食维生素B1、维生素B2和烟酸的摄入状况和食物来源,并与中国居民膳食维生素B1、维生素B2和烟酸的推荐摄入量进行比较。采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析维生素摄入不足的危险因素。结果老年居民每天摄入维生素B1、维生素B2、烟酸的中位数分别为:男性0.8、0.7和12.8 mg,女性0.7、0.6和10.9 mg。南方老年居民维生素B1摄入不足的危险性高于北方老年居民。80岁及以上老年居民维生素B1摄入不足的危险性高于65~79岁老年居民。农村教育程度低的老年居民维生素B2摄入不足的危险性高于城市教育程度高的老年居民。男性80岁及以上、教育程度低、北方、农村和收入水平低的老年居民烟酸摄入不足的危险性更高,女性教育程度低、北方和农村的老年居民烟酸摄入不足的危险性更高。结论 2015年中国15个省(自治区、直辖市)约80%以上的老年居民存在膳食维生素B1和维生素B2摄入不足风险。不同年龄、教育程度、地区、城乡、收入的老年居民维生素B1、维生素B2和烟酸摄入情况不同。

Dietary intake of thiamine,riboflavin and niacin among adults aged 65 and above in 15 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities) in China in 2015

OBJECTIVE To assess the intake of thiamine, riboflavin and niacin and estimate the association between the adequacy of intake of those three B-vitamins and risk factors among older Chinese adults. METHODS A total of 3222 adults aged 65 and above with completed dietary data were derived from the 2015 survey of China Nutritional Transition Cohort Study 2015. The total subjects. Dietary data was recorded by three consecutive days with 24-hour recalls. The intake of those three B-vitamins were assessed by comparing with Chinese dietary thiamine, riboflavin and niacin reference intakes. The food sources of three vitamins were analyzed. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios for factors associated with the inadequacy of intake of those three vitamins. RESULTS The median daily intake of thiamine, riboflavin and niacin was 0.8, 0.7 and 12.8 mg in males, and 0.7, 0.6 and 10.9 mg in females, respectively. Adults aged 80 and above and living in the southern regions were more likely to have inadequate thiamine intake than adults aged 65-79 and living in northern regions, respectively. Adults had inadequate intake of riboflavin were more likely to be living in a village and adults with lower education levels than adults living in a city and adults with higher education levels. In males, adults had inadequate intake of niacin were more likely to be 80 years and above, with lower education levels, living in the northern regions, living in a village and with the lowest income. In females, adults had inadequate intake of niacin were more likely to be with lower education, living in northern regions and living in a village. CONCLUSION About 80% adults were at the risk of the inadequate intake of thiamine and riboflavin in China. Age, education, income, regions and areas of residence were associated with the intake of thiamine, riboflavin and niacin.