Interrelationships between nutritional status, socioeconomic factors, and lifestyle in Indian cataract patients |
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Authors: | Kirtan Vilas TarwadiVaishali Vilas Agte Ph.D. |
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Affiliation: | Agharkar Research Institute, G.G. Agarkar Road, Pune, India |
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Abstract: | ObjectivesThe etiology of cataracts in the Asian subcontinent is not well understood. The aim of this study was to understand the differences in nutritional and lifestyle-related etiology of cataract in a high-income group (HIG) and a low-income group (LIG).Research methodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted on 140 cataract patients, aged 50-70 y, and 100 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Socioeconomic information and habitual dietary intake were recorded by interview method. Cataract grading was given by ophthalmologists using a slit-lamp biomicroscope.ResultsIn HIG patients, there was a delay of 10 y in the onset of cataracts as compared to LIG patients. Sixty-seven percent of LIG patients were alcoholic and 80% had a family history of cataracts. Further, among LIG male patients, 45%-87% were uneducated and 80% were addicted to tobacco. The intake of animal foods and fried foods was significantly higher in all the patient groups than controls (P < 0.001). The intake of vegetables, fruits, salads, and tea were higher in all the controls than patients (P < 0.001). For HIG male patients, between alcoholics and non-alcoholics, significant differences were noted for antioxidant status and soluble to total proteins ratio of lens. Similar differences were seen between HIG male smokers and non-smokers. Multiple regression analysis of solubility and opacity of lens indicated influence of family size, sunlight exposure, and systolic blood pressure for predisposition of cataracts.ConclusionsAlong with high systolic blood pressure, waist:hip ratio, family size, sunlight exposure, and increased consumption of tobacco and alcohol were the risk factors for cataracts. |
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Keywords: | Socioeconomic class Lifestyle Etiology of cataract Nutritional status |
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