对泰安市部分高校学生采用不同结核病健康教育方法效果评价

目的探索符合高校大学生易于接受和提高的结核病防治知识健康教育方法。方法采用整群抽样方法,选择泰安市3所高校1 481名大一新生,分别开展知识竞赛,专题教育课,发放宣传单、张贴宣传画等3种不同形式的结核病防治知识健康教育活动,并在健康教育前、后分别进行问卷调查,用Epidata3.0建立数据库进行双录入,用SPSS 13.0统计软件进行统计分析,率的比较采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果健康教育干预前共调查1 472人,总知晓率52.07%;健康教育干预后共调查1 468人,总知晓率为83.11%,知晓率明显提高(χ2=1 994.21,P<0.01);知识竞赛组、健康教育组和资料宣传组总知晓率干预前分别为51.91%、52.06%和52.22%,采取不同的干预措施后,知晓率分别为95.14%、83.01%和71.07%,干预前后差异均有统计学意义(χ2=705.14,321.01,110.44,P均<0.01),各组间知晓率差异有统计学意义(χ2=492.61,311.91,224.95,P均<0.01)。结论知识竞赛、专题教育课、发放宣传单等是高校结核病健康教育活动的重要手段,可以有效地提高该人群结核病防治知识知晓率,知识竞赛效果最为明显。

Evaluation on the consequencese of different educations of tuberculosis among college students in Taian

Objective To explore an ideal and more accetible educational method of how to prevent tuboculosis among colege students in Taian.Methods A total of 1481 freshmen from 3 universities were randomly selected by using a cluster sampling method,and 3 kinds of educational activites including TB knowledge competition,specific education classe and handing out leaflets/posters were carried out.Two questionnaire survies were conducted before and after health education.A database was established and all the data was analysised with SPSS13.0.Results The investigation revealed that after the educational intervention the overall awareness rate increased from 52.07% to 83.11%,the difference was significant（χ2=1994.21,P0.05）.Conclusions Knowledge contest,specific educational classe and handing out leaflets/posters are important ways for TB education.The awareness rate of TB knowledge can be improved by health educational intervetion among college students and knowledge contests is considered to be the most effective activity.