苯二氮类药物依赖及其防治

苯二氮类药物(BZD)主要用于治疗焦虑和失眠,长期使用可导致躯体及精神依赖。BZD依赖的发生机制与γ-氨基丁酸和谷氨酸等中枢神经递质有关。药物选择、给药方法和个体差异是BZD依赖的影响因素。BZD依赖表现为药物耐受性增加、戒断症状和心理依赖。BZD依赖的治疗包括停药、药物辅助治疗、替代治疗、中西医结合治疗和心理治疗。

Benzodiazepine dependence and its prevention and treatment

Benzodiazepines are mainly used to treat anxiety and insomnia.Prolonged use of benzodiazepines can lead to physical and psychological dependence.The mechanism of benzodiazepine dependence is related to central neurotransmitters such as γ-aminobutyric acid and glutamate acid.The risk factors for benzodiazepine dependence include drug selection,drug administration,and individual difference.The clinical manifestations of benzodiazepine dependence are increased tolerance to the drug,withdrawal symptoms,and psychological dependence.The treatment strategies for benzodiazepine dependence include the drug withdrawal,adjuvant treatment with drug,substitutive treatment,combined therapy of Chinese and western medicine,and psychotherapy.