库车县40岁及以上维吾尔族农民青光眼患病情况流行病学调查

背景青光眼是导致不可逆盲的常见病因之一，且青光眼的患病类型在全球不同地区分布有所差异。目的了解新疆库车县成年维吾尔族农民青光眼患病率及常见的患病类型，为该地区和该民族青光眼的防治提供依据。方法2009年3～4月新疆医科大学第一附属医院眼科采用单纯随机整群抽样的方法对新疆库车县14个村4191名40岁以上成年维吾尔族农民进行青光眼调查，受检者按年龄分为40～49、50～59、60～69组和≥70岁组。调查事先经过新疆医科大学伦理委员会审批，所有受检者受试前均签署知情同意书后方进行相关检查。所有检查者均经过调查标准化培训。调查内容包括病史、常规眼部检查及前房深度、房角镜、眼底检查，必要时行暗室俯卧试验、散瞳实验明确青光眼患病类型。周边前房深度诊断按照vanHerick标准，前房角关闭的分级标准采用Scheie分级法。结果检录的4873名受检者中4191人完成跟部检查及相关的青光眼检查，受检率为86．0％，受检者依从性好。青光眼的患病率为3．79％，其中原发性闭角型青光眼（PACG）、原发性开角型青光眼（POAG）及继发性青光眼的患病率分别为2．22％、0．26％及1．31％，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。各型青光眼患病率均随年龄的增长而增加，不同年龄组间患病率的差异有统计学意义（，=116．69，P〈0．05），男性患者的患病率明显高于女性（疋。=7．34，P〈0．05）。受检确诊的青光眼患者中19．75％为双眼盲，其中有25．30％的患者行抗青光眼手术，不同年龄组视力的差异有统计学意义（X^2=37．69，P〈0．05）。结论新疆库车县成年维吾尔族农民青光眼患病率高于大部分国内及国外调查结果。PACG仍为最常见的青光眼患病类型。

Epidemical survey of glaucoma among Uigur peasants aged 40 years or above in Kuche rural

Background Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide;while the different types of glaucoma is vary from different region. Objective Present study was to survey the prevalence and types of glaucoma among peasants of Uigur adults in Kuche county and offer the basis for the prevent and treatment of glaucoma in Uigur nationanlity. Methods 4191 Uigur peasants aged 40 years or above were collected in Kuche county for the survey of prevalence and types of glaucoma by randomized cluster sampling in March and April of 2009. The subjects were grouped into 40-,50-,60- and ≥70 years groups according to the distribution of age. The disease history of glaucoma, regular eye examination, funds examination and measurement of the anterior chamber depth, gonioscope were performed in the all subjects. Darkroom prone test and mydriasis test were carried out in suspicious glaucomous patients. The depth of periphery anterior chamber was assessed based on van Herick' s criteria, and the width of chamber angle was graded based on Scheie' s method. The standardized training was performed. This survey approved by Xinjiang Medical Ethics Committee, all subjects signed the informed consent before the examination. Results 4191 of 4873 subjects finished all the examinations with the response rate 86%. All the subjects showed a good compliance. The prevalence of glaucoma was 3. 79% , and the prevalence of primary angle-closed glaucoma(PACG) .primary angle-open glaucoma (PAOG) and secondary glaucoma was 2.22% ,0.26% and 1. 31% respectively, showing a significant difference among the different types of glaucoma( P<0. 05). The prevalence of glaucoma was elevated with aging (χ2 - 116. 69 ,P<0. 05) and presented a high rate in male subjects compared with female ones(χ2 = 7. 34, P<0. 05 ). Bilateral blindness was found in 19.75% glaucoma peasants, in which 25.3% glaucoma peasants received anti-glaucoma surgery. The distribution of visual acuity of patients was of significant difference among different age groups(χ2 = 37. 69 ,P<0. 05 ) . Conclusions The prevalence of the glaucoma among Uigur peasants in Kuche county was higher than most area no matter inland or overseas. PACG still is the common type in those people.