羌族与汉族结膜囊细菌状况对照研究

背景羌族是中国的少数民族，有特定的生活习惯和居住环境，羌族人群的疾病谱以及结膜囊细菌状况是否与汉族有差别是一个值得关注的问题。目的了解羌族与汉族中老年人结膜囊细菌状况的异同。方法研究遵循统一的调查流程及方法。由经过培训的眼科医师整群抽取四川北川县2个羌族聚居点的中老年人106人212眼及居住地地域近似的2个汉族聚居地160人320眼进行眼科检查、问卷调查并睑结膜囊分泌物接种于血琼脂培养基上，培养48h后进行细菌分离鉴定，并对2组受检人群的结果进行比较。结果羌族和汉族受检者的人口基线特征比较差异无统计学意义（X^2=0．32，P=0．57）。羌族中老年人结膜囊细菌培养阳性率为59．43％，汉族为66．30％，差异无统计学意义（X^2=2．27，P=0．13）。羌族结膜囊多种细菌共存者占26．20％，汉族为11．80％；羌族人群中多种细菌共存的构成比明显高于汉族（X^2=106．40，P=0．00）。羌族结膜囊中棒状杆菌培养的阳性率为20．70％，汉族的为45．00％，差异有统计学意义（X^2=31．75，P=0．00）；羌族结膜囊中表皮葡萄球菌培养的阳性率为21．70％，汉族人群为16．6％，差异无统计学意义（X^2=1．89，P=0．17）。结论羌族中老年人结膜囊细菌培养阳性率与汉族中老年人基本相似，羌族和汉族中老年人结膜囊的细菌大多为单一菌株，但羌族人多种菌株共存的现象比汉族更为多见。羌族人与汉族人结膜囊细菌属有一定的区别。

Comparative study on bacterial species in conjunctival sac between Qiang minority and Han nationality

Background Qiang minority is minority groups of China with the special habits and customs and living condition. So whether the spectrum of disease and bacteria spectrum in conjunctiva are similar with Han nationality is worth paying attention. Objective Present survey was to obtain the data about bacterial species in conjunctival sac in Qiang minority population with the age 40 years old and more and the compare with matched Han nationality population. Methods This survey study was performed as the standardized training and protocol. A total of 212 eyes of 106 individuals from Qiang minority in Beichuan county and 640 eyes of 320 subjects from Han nationality in Mianyang city received questionnaire survey and ophthalmological examination. The secretion of the inferior palpebral conjunctival sac was embrocated and inoculated on blood plate for 48-72 hours. The bacteria was separated and identified. This study was approved by the Ethic Committee of Sichuan Provicial People' s Hospital. Orally informed consent was obtained before the medical procedure. Results All the examinee finished the survey and examination with a good compliance. No significant difference was found in the demography between these two groups of population. The multiple bacterial positive rate in conjunctival sac was 59. 4% in Qiang minority and that of Han people was 66. 3% with a considerably difference between them (χ2 = 2. 27,P = 0. 13). The multiple bacterial species were simultaneously detected in 26.2% in Qiang minority population and 11.88% Han people, showing evidently difference (χ2 = 106. 40, P = 0. 00 ) . The positive rate of corynbaccterium in conjunctival sac of Qiang minority was statistically lower than that of Han people (20. 7% versus 45. 0% ,χ2 =31. 75 ,P = 0. 00) ,but there was no statistical difference in the positive rate of staphylococcus epidemics between two groups (χ2 = 1. 89 ,P = 0. 17). Conclusion The bacteria positive rate in conjunctiva sac is resemble in the population over 40 years in both the Qiang minority and Han nationality. The simple bacterial species is found in majority people in two groups of subjects. The positive rate of multiple bacterial strains coexistence is more in the Qiang minority. The bacterial strains is different between Qiang minority and Han nationality.