2005年北京市儿童青少年烟草流行现状调查分析

目的了解北京市儿童青少年烟草流行现状及其影响因素，为制定北京市青少年控烟策略提供依据。方法采用多层整群抽样的方法，选取126所大中小学学生进行问卷调查。结果共调查北京市小学生、中学生和大学生17952人，其中男生8873人，女生9079人；小学生5688人，中学生8755人，大学生3509人；农村生源2232人，县镇生源6595人，城市生源9125人。北京市6—14岁学生吸烟率为1．12％，15—24岁学生吸烟率为11．73％；男性吸烟率高于女性，并均于17岁达到高峰；中专与职业高中学生吸烟率最高；学生开始尝试吸烟的高峰年龄为小学高年级及初中阶段；影响学生吸烟的因素主要分为自身、家庭与社会环境三个部分。结论北京市儿童青少年吸烟率达到很高水平，尝试吸烟年龄提前，因此制定有效的干预措施和策略是当务之急。

Epidemiological analysis of tobacco use among children and adolescents in Beijing,2005

Objective To learn the smoking prevalence of children and adolescents in Beijing and its influencing factors, and to provide evidence for developing further tobacco control strategies. Methods Students from 64 schools were selected by stratified cluster sampling to conduct questionnaire survey. Results 17952 students （8873 boys and 9079 girls） were included. 5688 were from primary schools, 8755 from middle schools and 3509 from colleges or universities. 2232 were from rural areas, 6595 from towns and 9125 from urban areas. The smoking rate of 6 - 14 year-old students in Beijing was 1.12% , and the smoking rate of 15 -24 year-old students was 11.73%. The smoking rate of boys was higher than that of girls and the rate reached the highest point when the students were 17 years old for both boys and girls. The students in technical secondary schools and vocational high schools had the highest smoking rate. Most students first tried to smoke when they were in the higher grades in primary school or in junior middle school. The major influencing factors were personal factors and effects from family and social environment. Conclusion The smoking rate was high and the attempting smoking age was low in students of Beijing. Thus, effective intervention measures and strategies were urgently needed to solve this problem.