人工髋关节置换术后关节脱位的预防与护理

目的探讨人工髋关节置换术后安全有效的护理措施,以避免和减少人工髋关节置换术后的关节脱位。方法对104例人工髋关节置换术后患者肢体保持15°外展中立位,搬运及使用便盆时应将骨盆整个托起,保持水平抬高,指导活动、休息时做到三不要:不要内旋内收膝关节,不要交叉双腿,不要坐在低于小腿高度的椅凳和沙发上,弯腰拾物时保持髋部外展中立位,并结合做好心理护理。结果104例人工髋关节置换术后仅有2例发生关节脱位,发生率为1.9%。结论认真细致做好人工髋关节置换术后的康复护理工作,分析引起关节脱位的原因,采取安全有效的预防护理措施,是减少术后髋关节脱位的关键。

THE PREVENTION AND NURSING OF DISLOCATION OF JOINT AFTER REPLACEMENT OF ARTIFICIAL HIP JOINT

Objective To study safe and efficient nursing measures which could avoid and decrease dislocation of joint after replacement of artificial hip joint. Methods During the nursing procedure of the 104 patients with replacement of artificial hip joint, we made their hip joints keep abduceing neutrally in the angle of 15°, support the whole pelves levelly while transporting and using bed pan, and ask them to obey three principles while acting and resting, not to let knee joint rotate internally and adduct, not to across two legs, not to sit on the chair or sofa whose height is shorter than their lower legs and keep hip abduceing neutrally while bending. Meanwhile we did psychological nursing very well. Results Among the 104 cases, 2 patieats got dislocation of joint after replacement, the rate was 1.92%. Conclusion The key point of decreasing dislocation of hip joint after replacement of artificial hip joint is doing rehabilitation nursing carefully and analyzing the reason dislocation of joint and taking safe and efficient prevention nursing measures.